Table 1 History of Marburg outbreaks, 1967ā2008
Outbreak | Circumstances | Total cases | Deaths (CFR) | Source of data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Germany and Yugoslavia ex. Uganda, 1967 | Infected laboratory primates imported from Uganda; lab workers and contacts developed illness | 31 | 7 (23%) | |
South Africa ex. Zimbabwe, 1975 | Australian traveler to Zimbabwe visited South Africa and developed symptoms; infected traveling companion and South African nurse | 3 | 1 (33%) | [5] |
Kenya, 1980 | Visitor to Kitum cave died; infected doctor, who survived | 2 | 1 (50%) | [6] |
Kenya, 1987 | Visitor to Kitum cave died | 1 | 1 (100%) | [7] |
Russia, 1988 | A laboratory worker died after a needlestick at āVektorā bioweapons research facility | 1 | 1 (100%) | [8] |
Russia, 1990 | A laboratory worker was infected after a needlestick at Vektor, but survived | 1 | 0 (0%) | [9] |
DR Congo, 1998ā2000 | Outbreak originating among miners in a gold mine; spread to community; sporadic cases for years after main outbreak ceased | 154 | 128 (83%) | Primary data |
Angola, 2004ā2005 | Urban outbreak amplified through nosocomial transmission | 252 | 227 (90%) | Primary data |
Uganda, 2007 | Informal gold miners in Kamwenge District, Uganda infected; infection in mine +/ā person-to-person transmission | 4 | 2 (50%) | [3] |
Colorado ex. Uganda, 2008 | U.S. traveler visited āPythonā cave in Maramagambo forest in Uganda; developed illness upon return to U.S. | 1 | 0 (0%) | [10] |
Netherlands ex. Uganda, 2008 | Dutch traveler visited āPythonā cave in Maramagambo forest in Uganda; developed illness upon return to Netherlands | 1 | 1 (100%) | [11] |
GRAND TOTAL | Ā | 451 | 369 (82%) | Ā |