Table 1 Intake of selected nutrients during pregnancy alongside dietary recommendations for pregnancy according to DietID™ in the prospective birth cohort, research enterprise to advance children’s health (REACH) (n = 84 pregnant persons)
Nutrient | Average intake (mean (SD)) | Recommended dietary reference intakes (DRI) |
|---|---|---|
Total energy (kcal) | 2,193 (342) | – |
Macronutrients | ||
Carbohydrates (g) | 272.6 (62.6) | (45–65% of daily calories) |
Total sugars (g) | 92.9 (30.8) | ND |
Added sugars (g) | 42.4 (42.0) | ND |
Dietary fiber (g) | 32.9 (18.5) | [28] |
Protein (g) | 92.0 (26.7) | (10–35% of daily calories) |
Total fat (g) | 86.5 (18.3) | (20–35% of daily calories) |
Saturated fat (g) | 21.0 (8.7) | ND |
Monounsaturated fat (g) | 34.4 (10.4) | ND |
Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 23.8 (6.6) | ND |
Omega-3 fat (g) | 3.4 (2.1) | ND |
Trans fat (g) | 1.5 (1.4) | ND |
Cholesterol (mg) | 263.3 (149.2) | ND |
Micronutrients | ||
Calcium (mg) | 1046.5 (281.2) | [1000] |
Sodium (mg) | 3064.2 (1201.2)* | [1500] |
Iron (mg) | 18.2 (4.8) | [27] |
Potassium (mg) | 3564.4 (1349.1) | [2900] |
Magnesium (mg) | 439.8 (212.8) | [350] |
Phosphorus (mg) | 1550.9 (388.5) | [700] |
Zinc (mg) | 11.9 (2.8) | [11] |
Selenium (mcg) | 141.6 (46.6) | [60] |
Copper (mg) | 1.88 (0.9) | [1.0] |
Manganese (mg) | 6.4 (3.1) | [2.0] |
Vitamins | ||
Vitamin C (mg) | 145.6 (111.1) | [85] |
Vitamin D (mcg) | 5.5 (3.4)* | [15] |
Vitamin E (mg) | 15.4 (7.9) | [15] |
Vitamin K (mcg) | 418.7 (461.7) | [90] |
Total folate (mcg) | 553.6 (204.6)* | [600] |
Thiamin (B1) (mg) | 2.1 (0.5) | [1.4] |
Riboflavin (B2) (mg) | 2.2 (0.5) | [1.4] |
Niacin (B3) (mg) | 26.6 (8.9) | [18] |
Vitamin B6 (mg) | 2.4 (0.8) | [1.9] |
Vitamin B12 (mcg) | 4.5 (2.6) | [2.6] |
Pantothenic acid (mg) | 6.2 (1.6) | [6] |