Table 1 The characteristics of the study sample
From: Educational inequalities in self-reported health in a general Iranian population
All (n = 4163) | Male (n = 1997) | Female (n = 2166) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. (%) | No. (%)% | No. (%) | ||
Age group | < 0.0001 | |||
15–24 | 1420 (34) | 681 (34) | 739 (34) | |
25–44 | 1614 (39) | 721 (36) | 893 (41) | |
45–64 | 882 (21) | 446 (22) | 436 (20) | |
≥ 65 | 247 (6) | 149 (8) | 98 (5) | |
Mean (SD) | 35.1 (16.0) | 36.1 (16.9) | 34.1 (15.1) | < 0.0001 |
Marital status | < 0.0001 | |||
Single | 1601 (38) | 827 (47) | 774 (36) | |
Married | 2406 (58) | 1149 (52) | 1257 (58) | |
Widowed/divorced | 156 (4) | 21 (1) | 135 (6) | |
Educational level (years) | < 0.0001 | |||
No education | 280 (7) | 100 (5) | 180 (8) | |
First level (1–5) | 475 (11) | 211 (11) | 264 (12) | |
Second level (6–9) | 901 (22) | 460 (23) | 441 (21) | |
Third level (10–12) | 1695 (41) | 783 (39) | 912 (42) | |
Fourth level (>12) | 812 (19) | 443 (22) | 369 (17) | |
Mean (SD) | 10.0 (4.5) | 10.4 (4.3) | 9.6 (4.5) | < 0.0001 |
Self-reported health | < 0.0001 | |||
Excellent/very good | 1450 (35) | 803 (40) | 647 (30) | |
Good | 1405 (34) | 655 (33) | 750 (34) | |
Fair/poor | 1308 (31) | 539 (27) | 769 (36) | |
Chronic diseases | 0.004 | |||
Yes | 296 (7) | 117 (6) | 179 (8) | |
No | 3867 (93) | 1880 (94) | 1987 (92) | |
Diseases (n = 296) | 0.01 | |||
Hypertension | 31 (11) | 7 (6) | 24 (13) | |
Other cardiovascular diseases | 78 (26) | 43 (37) | 35 (20) | |
Diabetes | 22 (7) | 8 (7) | 14 (8) | |
Musculoskeletal disorders | 95 (32) | 34 (29) | 61 (34) | |
Cancer | 5 (2) | 0 (0) | 5 (3) | |
Neurological and psycho-logical diseases | 45 (15) | 19 (16) | 26 (15) | |
Chronic respiratory diseases | 20 (7) | 6 (5) | 14 (8) |