Table 1 Results of univariate analysis
Variable | PCA | MCA | PCA vs. MCA P value | ACA | PCA vs. ACA P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total patients | 232 | 1355 | 51 | ||
Sex, male | 128 (55.2) | 635 (46.9) | 0.019 | 27 (52.9) | 0.445 |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 73.9 (11.9) | 76 (11.4) | 0.011 | 74.4 (14.7) | 0.801 |
Age ≥ 85 years | 37 (15.9) | 302 (22.3) | 0.029 | 11 (21.6) | 0.219 |
Risk factors | |||||
Hypertension | 136 (58.6) | 769 (56.8) | 0.595 | 28 (54.9) | 0.369 |
Diabetes | 70 (30.2) | 301 (22.2) | 0.008 | 15 (29.4) | 0.530 |
Valvular Heart Disease | 16 (6.9) | 95 (7) | 0.950 | 1 (2) | 0.153 |
Coronary heart disease | 36 (15.5) | 223 (16.5) | 0.720 | 4 (7.8) | 0.111 |
Atrial fibrillation | 62 (26.7) | 461 (34) | 0.029 | 12 (23.5) | 0.391 |
Cardiac heart failure | 9 (3.9) | 88 (6.5) | 0.124 | 4 (7.8) | 0.190 |
Transient ischemic attack | 30 (12.9) | 152 (11.2) | 0.449 | 4 (7.8) | 0.225 |
Previous cerebral infarct | 41 (17.7) | 225 (16.6) | 0.688 | 10 (19.6) | 0.440 |
Previous hemorrhagic stroke | 4 (1.7) | 10 (0.7) | 0.138 | 1 (2) | 0.633 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 13 (5.6) | 100 (7.4) | 0.331 | 2 (3.9) | 0.472 |
Obesity | 11 (4.7) | 51 (3.8) | 0.478 | 4 (7.8) | 0.276 |
Alcohol abuse | 1 (0.4) | 39 (2.9) | 0.028 | 0 | 0.820 |
Smoking (> 20 cigarettes/day) | 20 (8.6) | 132 (9.7) | 0.592 | 3 (5.9) | 0.376 |
Hyperlipidemia | 45 (19.4) | 226 (16.7) | 0.309 | 9 (17.6) | 0.474 |
Clinical findings | |||||
Sudden onset | 108 (46.6) | 722 (53.3) | 0.058 | 27 (52.9) | 0.251 |
Headache | 53 (22.8) | 120 (8.9) | 0.000 | 0 | 0.000 |
Dizzines | 7 (3) | 14 (1) | 0.015 | 2 (3.9) | 0.504 |
Early seazures | 0 | 24 (1.8) | 0.041 | 1 (2) | 0.180 |
Nausea, vomiting | 17 (7.3) | 62 (4.6) | 0.075 | 2 (3.9) | 0.299 |
Aphasia and dysarthria | 70 (30.2) | 816 (60.2) | 0.000 | 22 (43.1) | 0.054 |
Altered consciousness | 28 (12.1) | 278 (20.5) | 0.003 | 4 (7.8) | 0.277 |
Limb weakness | 90 (38.8) | 1145 (84.5) | 0.000 | 44 (86.3) | 0.000 |
Sensory symptoms | 119 (51.3) | 554 (40.9) | 0.003 | 15 (29.4) | 0.003 |
Hemianopsia | 96 (41.4) | 264 (19.5) | 0.000 | ||
Ataxia | 12 (5.2) | 33 (2.4) | 0.020 | ||
Stroke Subtypes | 0.001 | ||||
Atherothrombotic | 68 (29.3) | 395 (29.2) | 15 (29.4) | ||
Lacunar | 80 (34.5) | 301 (22.2) | 6 (11.8) | ||
Cardioembolic | 50 (21.6) | 482 (35.6) | 23 (45.1) | ||
Essential | 20 (8.6) | 124 (9.2) | 6 (11.8) | ||
Unusual etiology | 14 (6) | 52 (3.9) | 1 (2) | ||
Symptom-free at discharge | 45 (19.4) | 149 (11) | 0.000 | 5 (9.8) | 0.072 |
Cardiac complications | 6 (2.6) | 78 (5.8) | 0.046 | 2 (3.9) | 0.439 |
Infectious complications | 15 (6.5) | 237 (17.5) | 0.000 | 6 (11.8) | 0.155 |
Respiratory complications | 12 (5.2) | 176 (13) | 0.001 | 4 (7.8) | 0.321 |
Length of hospital stay, median (25th-75th percentile) | 11 (8-17) | 13 (9-23) | 0.003 | 12 (10-24) | 0.345 |
In-hospital mortality | 9 (3.9) | 235 (17.3) | 0.000 | 4 (7.8) | 0.190 |