Table 3 Summary of the number and location of human potential enhancer-blocking elements
From: DNA fragments binding CTCF in vitro and in vivo are capable of blocking enhancer activity
Cells | Potential insulators (CTCF binding and enhancer- blocking sites) | Intergenic | Intronic or exonic | Within ± 2 kb from promoter | Technique used | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IMR90 human fibroblasts | 13804 | 46% | 34% | 20% | ChIP-chip | [10] |
Resting human CD4+T-cells | 28661 | 49% | 36% | 15% | ChIP-Seq | |
HeLa | 19308 | 56% | 37% | 7% | ChIP-Seq | [9] |
Jurkat | 19572 | 55% | 36% | 9% | ChIP-Seq | [9] |
Mouse embryonic stem cells | 39609 | N/D | N/D | N/D | ChIP-Seq | [40] |
HeLa/CHO | 28 (84000/genome) | 46% | 36% | 18% | Positive- negative selection |