Test-retest reliability and construct validity of the ENERGY-parent questionnaire on parenting practices, energy balance-related behaviours and their potential behavioural determinants: the ENERGY-project

Singh, Amika S; Chinapaw, Mai JM; Uijtdewilligen, Léonie; Vik, Froydis N; van Lippevelde, Wendy; Fernández-Alvira, Juan M; Stomfai, Sarolta; Manios, Yannis; van der Sluijs, Maria; Terwee, Caroline; Brug, Johannes

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-434

Table 3 Agreement (per questionnaire item) between questionnaires (test-retest reliability) and questionnaire and interview responses (construct validity) as indicated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and percentage agreement (agree)

From: Test-retest reliability and construct validity of the ENERGY-parent questionnaire on parenting practices, energy balance-related behaviours and their potential behavioural determinants: the ENERGY-project

Item	Reliability		Validity
	ICC	agree	ICC	agree
How many times a week on average do you drink soft drinks? (B1)	.87	77	.76	73
On a day that you drink soft drinks, how many glasses do you drink? (B2a)	.85	83	.61	71
On a day that you drink soft drinks, how many cans do you drink? (B2b)	.73	85	.38	74
On a day that you drink soft drinks, how many bottles do you drink? (B2c)	.68	91	.08	86
Drinking soft drinks is something I do without even really thinking about (B3)	.70	70	.37	47
There are soft drinks available at home for my child (B4)	.85	73	.67	65
I pay attention to the amount of soft drinks that my child drinks (B5)	.64	71	.61	65
If my child asks for soft drinks, I will give it to him/her (B6)	.79	75	.43	61
My child is allowed to take soft drinks whenever (s)he wants (B7)	.83	73	.64	59
I negotiate with my child how much soft drinks (s)he is allowed to drink (B8)	.69	62	.40	55
How often do you tell your child that soft drinks are not good for him/her? (B9)	.76	70	.60	66
How often do you tell your child that soft drinks can make him/her fat? (B10)	.84	70	.75	59
How often do you tell your child that soft drinks are bad for his/her teeth? (B11)	.78	70	.68	65
If I would like to drink soft drinks, I would restrain myself because of the presence of my child (B12)	.79	70	.50	53
If I prohibit my child from drinking soft drinks, (s)he tries to drink it anyway (B13)	.68	76	.78	81
If I prohibit my child from drinking soft drinks, I find it difficult to stick to my rule(s) if (s)he starts negotiating (B14)	.66	72	.65	77
I give soft drinks to my child as a reward or to comfort him/her (B15)	.75	86	.55	87
How often do you and/or your spouse/partner drink soft drinks together with your child? (B16)	.86	74	.67	61
If the price of soft drinks were double, my child would drink less soft drinks (B17)	.63	64	.46	58
On average, how much money do you give to your child to buy food and drinks per week? Please don’t include money you save or spend on clothes for your child (B18)	.80	88	.44	82
I would consider my child as being price conscious regarding food, snacks and beverages (B19)	.72	65	.71	59
I don’t give my child some foods, because they cost too much (B20)	.72	69	.68	61
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? NUTRITIOUS (B21a)	.68	89	.61	89
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? PROVIDES ENERGY (B21b)	.74	87	.56	78
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? EXHIBITS HIGH VARIETY (B21c)	.75	88	.67	84
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? SATISFIES MY CHILD’S LIKING (B21d)	.77	89	.59	80
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? REASONABLE PRICE (B21e)	.79	94	.54	89
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? HOME-PREPARED (B21f)	.83	92	.62	83
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? ORGANIC (B21g)	.90	99	-.01	98
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? VEGETARIAN (B21h)	.96	100	/	100
What do you consider to be the three most important characteristics of your child’s meal during school hours? TAKING INTO ACCOUNT RELIGIOUS REQUIREMENTS (B21i)	.92	100	1.00	100
How many times a week on average do you drink fruit juices? (C1)	.86	73	.89	70
On a day that you drink fruit juices, how many glasses do you drink? (C2a)	.77	78	.25	77
On a day that you drink fruit juices, how many cartons do you drink? (C2b)	.73	83	.38	86
Drinking fruit juices is something I do without really thinking about (C3)	.77	70	.56	56
There are fruit juices available at home for my child (C4)	.86	75	.63	61
I pay attention to the amount of fruit juices that my child drinks (C5)	.73	62	.54	57
If my child asks for fruit juices, I will give it to him/her (C6)	.79	72	.53	58
My child is allowed to take fruit juices whenever (s)he wants(C7)	.78	67	.59	48
I negotiate with my child how much fruit juices (s)he is allowed to drink (C8)	.68	62	.56	69
How often do you tell your child that fruit juices are not good for him/her?(C9)	.77	63	.76	62
How often do you tell your child that fruit juices can make him/her fat? (C10)	.83	72	.72	76
How often do you tell your child that fruit juices are bad for his/her teeth? (C11)	.76	70	.69	70
If I would like to drink fruit juices, I would restrain myself because of the presence of my child (C12)	.73	74	.38	74
If I prohibit my child from drinking fruit juices, (s)he tries to drink it anyway (C13)	.74	78	.38	78
If I prohibit my child from drinking fruit juices, I find it difficult to stick to my rule(s) if (s)he starts negotiating (C14)	.66	74	.68	75
I give fruit juices to my child as a reward or to comfort him/her (C15)	.78	83	.52	85
How often do you or your spouse/partner drink fruit juices together with your child? (C16)	.86	73	.68	67
From Monday to Friday, how many times do you usually eat breakfast? (D1)	.87	90	.89	90
How many times do you usually eat breakfast on the weekend? (D2)	.85	92	.82	94
Eating breakfast is something I do without even really thinking about (D3)	.78	71	.46	64
There are breakfast products (e.g. milk, cereal, bread) available at home for my child (D4)	.68	95	.28	98
I encourage my child to have breakfast (D5)	.62	80	.37	43
I pay attention what kind of products my child is eating for breakfast (D6)	.65	72	.37	68
My child is allowed to skip breakfast (D7)	.86	83	.57	66
I negotiate with my child on how much breakfast products (s)he is allowed to eat and/or drink (D8)	.74	66	.39	59
How often do you tell your child that eating breakfast is good for him/her? (D9)	.75	74	.75	57
If I prohibit my child from skipping breakfast, (s)he tries to skip it anyway (D10)	.60	74	.69	86
If I prohibit my child from skipping breakfast, I find it difficult to stick to my rule(s) if (s)he starts negotiating (D11)	.64	73	.74	74
I praise my child if (s)he eats breakfast (D12)	.86	67	.73	62
How often do you and/or your spouse/partner have breakfast together with your child? (D13)	.79	65	.80	71
How often do you and/or your spouse/partner have lunch together with your child? (D14)	.80	71	.77	77
How often do you and/or your spouse/partner have dinner together with your child? (D15)	.70	71	.78	79
I deliberately have smaller helpings as a means of controlling my weight (E1)	.81	70	.65	54
I do not eat certain foods because they make me fat (E2)	.73	67	.67	59
On a scale of 1 to 8, where 1 means no restraint in eating (eating as much as you want, whenever you want it) and 8 means total restraint (constantly limiting food intake and never “giving in”), what rating would you give yourself? (E3)	.80	72	.75	75
Do you have a paid job? (F1)	.94	98	.94	98
How many days do you usually travel by car to work? (F2)	.91	88	.91	80
How many days do you usually use public transport (bus, tram, metro) to go to work? (F3)	.92	97	.96	96
How many days do you usually cycle to work or to the public transport station? (F4)	.92	91	.91	87
If you cycle, how long does it take you to cycle to work or to the public transport station? (F5)	.76	83	.82	89
How many days a week do you usually walk to work or to the public transport station? (F6)	.95	94	.89	89
If you walk, how long does it take you to walk to work or to the public transport station? (F7)	.77	87	.46	81
About how many days a week do you usually participate in physical activities/sports in your leisure time? I DO NOT PARTICIPATE IN ANY PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES/SPORTS (F8a)	.75	90	.81	94
About how many days a week do you usually participate in physical activities/sports in your leisure time? WEEKDAYS (F8b)	.89	80	.83	77
About how many days a week do you usually participate in physical activities/sports in your leisure time? WEEKENDDAYS (F8c)	.79	87	.85	85
About how much time a week do you participate in physical activities/sports in your leisure time? WEEKDAYS (F9a)	.88	74	.88	75
About how much time a week do you participate in physical activities/sports in your leisure time? WEEKENDDAYS (F9b)	.85	84	.81	79
Physical activity is something that I do without really thinking about (F10)	.83	73	.47	44
I pay for my child to take part in physical activity/sports (F11)	.89	78	.77	77
I bring my child to physical activity/sport sessions (F12)	.83	75	.79	64
I encourage my child to take part in physical activity/sports (F13)	.80	78	.30	54
I pay attention that my child does enough physical activity/sports (F14)	.72	71	.51	62
My child is allowed to skip physical activity/sport sessions whenever (s)he wants (F15)	.69	78	.80	78
I negotiate with my child on how much physical activity/sports (s)he does (F16)	.69	64	.68	64
How often do you tell your child physical activity/sports are good for him/her? (F17)	.75	70	.56	66
If I try to prohibit my child from not taking part in physical activity/sport sessions, (s)he will try to skip it anyway (F18)	.55	70	.60	76
If I try to prohibit my child from skipping a physical activity/sport session, I find it difficult to stick to my rule(s) if (s)he starts negotiating (F19)	.72	74	.88	87
I praise my child if (s)he takes part in physical activity/sports (F20)	.72	68	.57	60
I punish my child by not allowing him/her taking part in his/her physical activity/sports (F21)	.67	81	.60	90
I set a time limit on how much time of physical activity/sports my child can do in order to devote more time to his/her homework or other important things (F22)	.81	69	.68	53
I do not allow my child to take part in physical activity/sports in his/her free time so (s)he can concentrate on his/her studies (F23)	.66	72	.74	69
How often do you/your spouse/partner participate in physical activity/sports together with your child? (F24)	.80	73	.56	57
I let my child participate in physical activity/sports lessons less than I like, because it is too expensive (F25)	.77	74	.66	71
About how many hours a day do you usually watch television (including DVDs and videos) in your free time? WEEKDAYS (G1a)	.79	60	.90	70
About how many hours a day do you usually watch television (including DVDs and videos) in your free time? WEEKENDDAYS (G1b)	.83	57	.73	61
About how many hours a day do you usually use your computer for activities like chatting online, internet, emailing or playing games on a computer, games console (e.g. Playstation, Xbox, GameCube) during leisure time? WEEKDAYS (G2a)	.83	73	.77	69
About how many hours a day do you usually use your computer for activities like chatting online, internet, emailing or playing games on a computer, games console (e.g. Playstation, Xbox, GameCube) during leisure time? WEEKENDDAYS (G2b)	.86	69	.77	75
About how many hours a day do you usually use your mobile phone for calling, texting, playing games or surfing on the internet during leisure time? WEEKDAYS (G3a)	.84	83	.72	80
About how many hours a day do you usually use your mobile phone for calling, texting, playing games or surfing on the internet during leisure time? WEEKENDDAYS (G3b)	.75	79	.51	82
Watching television is something I do without even really thinking about (G4)	.75	66	.46	44
In general, how often do you watch television during breakfast? (G5a)	.74	83	.69	78
In general, how often do you watch television during lunch? (G5b)	.87	81	.70	76
In general, how often do you watch television during dinner? (G5c)	.91	80	.79	75
TV/video/DVD is available in my child’s room (G6)	.97	99	.94	97
I pay attention to the amount of time my child watches TV/video/DVD (G7)	.70	72	.41	42
If my child asks if (s)he is allowed to watch television, I will allow it (G8)	.66	77	.61	58
My child is allowed to watch TV/video/DVD whenever (s)he wants (G9)	.72	61	.55	43
I negotiate with my child how much TV/video/DVD (s)he is allowed to watch (G10)	.73	64	.51	58
How often do you tell your child that watching TV/video/DVD is not good for him/her? (G11)	.76	69	.51	59
How often do you tell your child that watching TV/video/DVD can make him/her fat? (G12)	.83	73	.76	72
How often do you tell your child that watching TV/video/DVD is bad for his/her eyesight? (G13)	.82	70	.75	63
If I would like to watch TV/video/DVD, I would restrain myself because of the presence of my child (G14)	.76	71	.68	62
If I prohibit my child from watching TV/video/DVD, (s)he tries to do it anyway (G15)	.77	71	.71	77
If I prohibit my child from watching TV/video/DVD, I find it difficult to stick to my rule(s) if (s)he starts negotiating (G16)	.68	75	.71	77
I allow my child to watch TV/video/DVD as a reward or to comfort him/her (G17)	.78	74	.67	71
How often do you/your spouse/partner watch TV/video/DVD together with your child? (G18)	.72	69	.70	69
What do you think of your child’s weight? (H1)	.93	96	.83	94
Does your child have a set daily routine for bedtime? (H2)	.79	69	.42	95
How many hours of sleep does your child usually have during the night? WEEKDAYS (H3a)	.81	79	.80	76
How many hours of sleep does your child usually have during the night? WEEKENDDAYS (H3b)	.78	74	.79	70

Results are presented for all countries.

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ISSN: 1756-0500

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