Evaluation of prognostic factors and the role of chemotherapy in unfavorable carcinoma of unknown primary site: a 10-year cohort study

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of overall survival (OS) of patients with unfavorable cancer of unknown primary site (n = 179)

Variable	N	Median OS, months	Univariate P	Multivariate
				HR	95% CI	P
Age, years
< 65	60	5.33	.309
≥ 65	119	6.47
Gender
Male	128	5.63	.467
Female	51	6.47
Performance status				2.025	1.294-3.168	.002
0-1	86	13.37	< .001
2-4	93	3.47
Body mass index
< 24	83	5.33	.223
≥ 24	53	11.8
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	71	4.47	.402
Carcinoma, unspecified	83	6.47
Squamous cell carcinoma	6	59.7
Others	19	11.1
Histologic grade
Poorly differentiated or Undifferentiated	31	7.03	.869
Unspecified	148	5.63
Liver metastases
Yes	80	5.1	.236
No	99	7.7
Lung metastases
Yes	87	4.43	.005
No	92	9.2
Bone metastases
Yes	74	5.33	.255
No	105	6.43
Lymph node metastases
Yes	107	6.17	.658
No	72	6.47
No. of metastatic organs				1.927	1.147-3.237	.013
1	40	18.07	.028
≥ 2	139	5.33
Radiotherapy
Yes	52	11.1	.105
No	127	5.07
Chemotherapy				3.211	2.009-5.132	< .001
Yes	118	9.2	< .001
No	61	1.63
Albumin				2.216	1.440-3.409	< .001
< 3.5 g/dl	66	2.77	< .001
≥ 3.5 g/dl	113	11.1
Estimated creatinine clearance
< 60 ml/min	75	6.43	.806
≥ 60 ml/min	74	6.17
Corrected Ca level				4.421	1.529-12.784	.006
< 10.7 mg/dl	171	6.47	.006
≥ 10.7 mg/dl	6	0.57
Lactate dehydrogenase
< 250 U/L	76	10.67	.001
≥ 250 U/L	102	3.67
Na
< 135 mmol/l	55	2.07	< .001
≥ 135 mmol/l	124	9.0
Cholesterol
< 150 mg/dl	56	4.07	.014
≥ 150 mg/dl	110	9.2
Alkaline phosphatase
< 100 U/L	80	7.03	.569
≥ 100 U/L	99	5.63
WBC count (× 10³ cells/μL)
< 10.0	124	10.27	< .001
> 10.0	55	3.23
Lymphocyte count
< 700/μL	17	2.67	.003
≥ 700/μL	162	7.03
Hemoglobin level
< 11 g/dl	67	5.33	.091
≥ 11 g/dl	112	7.73
Platelet count
< 150 × 10⁹/L	33	4.87	.82
≥ 150 × 10⁹/L	146	6.43

ISSN: 1756-0500