Table 3 Univariate analysis for prognostic factors of viral-HCC vs. viral marker negative HCC

Age(years)

1.026(1.01-1.05)

0.01

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

Gender

No

1.0

0.19

  Female

1.0

0.34

Yes

1.62(0.80-3.29)

  Male

1.26(0.77-2.05)

Total Bilirubin(mg/dl)

BMI (Kg/m²)

<2

1.0

0.48

  18-22.9

1.0

0.24

2-3

0.93(0.51-1.67)

  <18

2.08(0.90-4.77)

>3

1.29(0.79-2.09)

  23-24.9

1.34(0.74-2.43)

Albumin(mg/dl)

  ≥25

0.98(0.56-1.69)

>3.5

1.0

0.73

Diabetes Mellitus

2.8-3.5

0.73(0.32-1.62)

  No

1.0

0.02

<2.8

0.74(0.35-1.56)

  Yes

1.64(1.07-2.53)

ALT (IU/ml)

Hypertension

Normal

1.0

0.19

  No

1.0

0.11

Elevated

0.58(0.37-0.91)

  Yes

1.42(0.92-2.21)

Prothrombin time(second)

Dyslipidemia

<3

1.0

0.14

  No

1.0

0.74

3-6

0.61(0.3-1.02)

  Yes

0.74(0.17-3.50)

>6

0.91(0.53-1.55)

Child score

1.02(0.93-1.12)

0.59

Platelets counts (10 ⁹ /L)

1.01(1.0-1.01)

<0.001

Child class

AFP(IU/ml)

  A

1.0

0.50

≤200

1.0

0.53

  B

1.02(0.50-2.11)

>200

0.86(0.56-1.34)

  C

1.32(0.65-2.67)

Duration between diagnosis of cirrhosis

Okuda class

00

2.90(1.43-5.88)

<0.001

  I

1.0

0.97

1-55

1.10(0.51-2.40)

  II

0.99(0.52-1.87)

>55

1.0

  III

1.15(0.51-2.15)

Mode of diagnosis

Complication of CLD

On screening

1.0

0.001

  No

1.0

0.39

Incidental

15.36(1.93-122.14)

  Yes

1.24(0.74-2.07)

Symptomatic

9.82(1.34-72.01)

Hyperspleenism

Stage of HCC

  No

1.0

0.14

Non-Advance

1.0

<0.001

  Yes

0.72(0.46-1.11)

Advance

3.08(1.79-5.28)

Ascites

Macroscopic types of HCC

  No

1.0

0.84

Solitary

1.0

0.04

  Yes

0.95(0.60-1.51)

Paucifocal (≤ 3 nodules)

1.04(0.62-1.73)

PSE

Multifocal(>3 nodules)

1.38(0.73-2.63)

  No

1.0

0.23

Massive/infiltrative

2.7(1.28-5.69)

  Yes

1.31(0.84-2.03)

Maximum tumor size(cm)

Esophageal Varices

< 5

1.0

<0.001

  No

1.0

5-10

2.08(1.39-3.75)

  Yes

0.84(0.55-1.29)

0.44

>10

5.46(3.01-9.93)

Upper GI bleed

Hepatic Lobes

  No

1.0

Left

1.0

0.98

  Yes

0.90(0.58-1.40)

0.64

Right

1.05(0.53-2.06)

Hepatohydrothorax

Both

1.03(0.49-2.16)

  No

1.0

0.43

Porto Venous Thrombosis

  Yes

1.32(0.66-2.65)

No

1.0

0.33

Hepatorenal Syndrome

Yes

1.25(0.788-2.00)

Extra hepatic spread

  No

1.0

0.50

No

1.0

0.12

  Yes

1.18(0.72-1.94)

Yes

1.58(0.89-2.81)