Low-dose aspirin-associated upper gastric and duodenal ulcers in Japanese patients with no previous history of peptic ulcers

Table 2 Association of peptic ulcer and use of other medicines among patients taking low-dose aspirin

	Case without ulcer		Case with ulcer				Adjusted OR
Medicine	n = 212 (%)		n = 14 (%)		OR (95% CI)*		(95% CI)**
Anticoagulant^a	19	(9.0)	4	(28.6)	4.06	(1.16 − 14.21)	5.88	(1.19 − 28.99)
Other antiplatelet^b	49	(23.1)	1	(7.1)	0.26	(0.03 − 2.01)	0.20	(0.02 − 1.83)
PPI^c	89	(42.0)	2	(14.3)	0.23	(0.05 − 1.05)	0.13	(0.02 − 0.73)
H2RA^d	36	(17.0)	1	(7.1)	0.38	(0.05 − 2.97)	0.35	(0.04 − 3.20)
Ca-blocker^e	67	(31.6)	4	(28.6)	0.87	(0.26 − 2.86)	1.27	(0.32 − 5.14)
ARB^f	99	(46.7)	5	(35.7)	0.63	(0.21 − 1.96)	0.45	(0.12 − 1.65)
ACE inhibitor^g	17	(8.0)	1	(7.1)	0.88	(0.11 − 7.16)	0.39	(0.05 − 4.34)
HMG-Co A redactase inhibitor^h	94	(44.3)	6	(42.9)	0.94	(0.32 − 2.81)	2.09	(0.53 − 8.29)
NSAIDⁱ	9	(4.3)	2	(14.3)	3.76	(0.73 − 19.36)	6.48	(0.75 − 56.41)

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; H2RA, H2-receptor antagonist; ARB, AT1-receptor blocker; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; HMG-Co A, 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A, NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
*Univariate analysis; ** Multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex.
^aWarfarin 1 − 5 mg/day, ^bTiclopidine 100 or 200 mg/day, clopidogrel 75 mg/day, cilostazol 200 mg/day, ^cOmeprazole 10 or 20 mg/day, lansoprazole 15 or 30 mg/day, rabeprazole 10 mg/day, ^dFamotidine 10 or 20 or 40 mg/day, ranitidine 150 mg/day, roxatidine 150 mg/day, lafutidine 10 mg/day, ^eNifedipine 20 or 40 mg/day, amlodipine 2.5 or 5 mg/day, ^fCandesartan 4 or 8 mg/day, telmisartan 40 mg/day, olmesartan 20 mg/day, ^gImidapril 5 mg/day, ^hPravastatin 10 mg/day, atorvastatin 10 mg/day, ⁱLoxoprofen 60 or 120 or 180 mg/day, selecoxib 100 mg/day, naproxen 300 mg/day.

ISSN: 1756-0500