Table 1 Average release of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-8, TNFα (pg/ml) and LDH (measured by optical absorbance at 490 nm) from RHE 24 hours after topical treatment with S. epidermidis , P. acnes and S. aureus at different concentrations

S. epidermidis

[IL-1α] released

100 ± 3.5

116 ± 111.2

143.6 ± 156.8

186.8 ± 215.8

[IL-8] released

100 ± 18.4

151.7 ± 248.8

118.9 ± 156

193.4 ± 239.5*

[TNFα] released

100 ± 0.6

124.4 ± 35.6

138 ± 77.1

151.8 ± 80.7

LDH absorbance

100 ± 0.03

83.6 ± 63.2

82.6 ± 62.9

88.6 ± 58.2

P. acnes

[IL-1α] released

100 ± 8.28

123.1 ± 100.3

122 ± 91

133.4 ± 112.1

[IL-8] released

100 ± 42.08

120.7 ± 129.6

109.5 ± 97.3

107.1 ± 84.9

[TNFα] released

100 ± 1.6

162.6 ± 158.1

115.7 ± 126.1

88.6 ± 113.6

LDH absorbance

100 ± 0.04

100.2 ± 148.4

108.8 ± 161.6

102.1 ± 142.8

S. aureus

[IL-1α] released

100 ± 2.3

157.6 ± 303.8

1062.1 ± 3556.2

1251.7 ± 3735.6

[IL-8] released

100 ± 12.1

60.4 ± 27.7

93.1 ± 95.1

73 ± 2.6

LDH absorbance

100 ± 0.1

273.3 ± 357.5

505.2 ± 1002

666.4 ± 1321