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Table 4 Frequency of abnormal variables on the basis of gender

From: Prevalence and risk factors of kidney disease in urban Karachi: baseline findings from a community cohort study

 

Male

Female

Total cohort

p value

Diabetes status

    

 Diabetic

16 (10.4)

23 (8.5)

39 (9.2)

0.6

 Non-diabetic

138 (89.6)

249 (91.5)

387 (90.8)

Hypertension status

    

 Hypertensive

27 (16.4)

75 (26)

102 (22.5)

0.02*

 Normotensive

138 (83.6)

214 (74)

352 (77.5)

Smoking status

    

 Smokers

30 (18)

26 (9.0)

56 (12.3)

0.007*

 Non-smokers

137 (82)

264 (91.0)

401 (87.7)

 
  1. *p value < 0.05; calculated by Chi-square test.