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Table 2 Services that were received by significantly fewer local health departments in 2012, compared to 2009

From: Changes in public health preparedness services provided to local health departments by regional offices in North Carolina: a comparison of two cross-sectional studies

Type of service

% LHDs receiving service in 2009

% LHDs receiving service in 2012

p-value*

Planning assistance

   

Assistance with pandemic influenza planning**

59

13

<0.001

Assistance with isolation and quarantine planning**

87

27

<0.001

Assistance with risk communication planning**

63

38

0.002

Communication and liaison assistance

   

Facilitating relationships with local/regional preparedness partners**

93

76

0.003

Communicating information from public health epidemiologists in the region**

79

41

<0.001

Communicating relevant information from state and national preparedness meetings or professional conferences**

92

70

<0.001

Assistance with community preparedness education**

74

43

<0.001

Epidemiology and surveillance assistance (n = 10)

   

Share NC DETECT data

63

30

<0.001

Promote the use of NC DETECT

65

46

0.017

Share NC HAN alerts

80

45

<0.001

Promote the use of NC HAN

89

59

<0.001

Facilitate access to NC HAN and/or Epi-X?

82

56

<0.001

Assist with an epidemiological investigation

54

21

<0.001

Review or edit epidemiology data collection instruments

43

16

<0.001

Analyze or assist with the analysis of epidemiological data

36

13

<0.001

Facilitate GIS data collection and/or use of GIS equipment

32

8

<0.001

Support/promote epi team

47

20

<0.001

Exercise assistance (n = 15)

   

Provide guidance to the LHD about exercises**

99

81

<0.001

Plan a single-county/district exercise for the LHD**

44

23

0.005

Facilitate an after action review meeting for the LHD**

48

18

<0.001

Assist with the development of an after action report for the LHD**

62

28

<0.001

Assist with the development of an IP or CAP for the LHD**

60

33

<0.001

Assist with the implementation of an IP or CAP for the LHD**

77

24

<0.001

Plan a multi-county exercise for the region**

95

9

<0.001

Provide a multi-county exercise scenario for the region**

91

14

<0.001

Moderate or facilitate a multi-county exercise for the region**

89

13

<0.001

Assist with the development of an after action report for the region**

84

19

<0.001

Assist with the development of an IP or CAP for the region**

88

18

<0.001

Assist with the implementation of an IP or CAP for the region**

77

14

<0.001

Consultation and technical assistance (n = 9)

   

Industrial hygiene**

84

51

<0.001

Use of personal protective equipment**

76

39

<0.001

Infection control

68

22

<0.001

Interpretation of state or national guidance

73

17

<0.001

Pharmacy-related issues

58

34

0.002

Public health event response (n = 15)

   

Interpretation of local, state, or national guidance related to the event(s)

57

13

<0.001

Investigation of incidents or events in cooperation with response partners

54

10

<0.001

Development and/or refinement of epidemiological investigation tools

54

7

<0.001

Implementation of event control measures in cooperation with response partners

35

0

<0.001

Incident/event long-term follow-up

30

3

0.009

Deployment of SNS

16

0

0.031

Development and/or distribution of communication materials

41

0

<0.001

  1. Abbreviations: LHD Local Health Department, NC DETECT North Carolina Disease Event Tracking and Epidemiologic Collection Tool, NC HAN North Carolina Health Alert Network, Epi-X Epidemic Information Exchange, GIS Geographic Information System, IP Improvement Plan, CAP Corrective Action Plan, SNS Strategic National Stockpile.
  2. *Fisher’s two-sided exact p-value.
  3. **Services that remain the responsibility of the reorganized regional offices. Note that other services are now primarily provided by other programs in the North Carolina Division of Health.