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Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of self-report questions

From: Validation of the self-reported hearing questions in the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing against the Whispered Voice Test

Self assessment questions

Sensitivity CI (95%)

Specificity CI (95%)

PPV CI (95%)

NPV CI (95%)

Response

Do you use any of the following appliances to help with your hearing?

5.56% (0.11% – 11.01%)

96% (92.86% - 99.14%)

14.29% (4.49% - 24.09%)

89.44% (84.69% – 94.19%)

Hearing Aid*

Amplifier*

None

Is your hearing (with or w/out hearing appliance)…

55.56% (32.60% - 78.52%)

94.67% (91.08% - 98.26%)

55.56% (32.60% - 78.52%)

94.67% (91.08% - 98.26%)

Excellent

Very Good

Good

Fair*

Poor*

Can you follow a conversation with one person? With…

22.22% (9.14% - 45.56%)

94.67% (89.82% - 97.23%)

33.33% (13.86% -61.43%)

91.03% (85.49% - 94.55%)

No Difficulty

Some Difficulty*

Much Difficulty*

No I Cannot*

Can you follow a conversation with four people?

50% (26.9% - 73.1%)

84.67% (78.9% - 90.44%)

28.13% (12.55 - 43.71%)

93.4% (89.2% - 97.56%)

No Difficulty

Some Difficulty*

Much Difficulty*

No I Cannot*

Can you use a normal telephone?

5.56% (0.11% – 11.01%)

99.3% (97.39% - 99.95%)

50%

89.76% (84.87% - 94.91%)

No Difficulty

Some Difficulty*

Much Difficulty*

 

No I Cannot*

  1. (*) Represent a response considered a fail.