Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses to predict postoperative recurrence

T stage

1 + 2

69

5 (7)

1.0 (ref)

3 + 4

14

7 (50)

<0.001

4.376 (0.186–103.189)

0.360

Grade

1 + 2

77

8 (10)

1.0 (ref)

3

6

4 (67)

<0.001

2.224 (0.091–54.113)

0.624

Histological

No

53

5 (9)

1.0 (ref)

 Vein invasion

Yes

30

7 (23)

0.033

1.585 (0.248–10.120)

0.626

Tumor size

<5 cm

54

7 (13)

≥5 cm

29

5 (17)

0.549

Symptoms

No

59

7 (12)

Yes

24

5 (21)

0.195

Tumor necrosis

No

70

6 (9)

1.0 (ref)

Yes

13

6 (46)

<0.001

4.023 (0.523–30.944)

0.181

UISS

Low

61

3 (5)

1.0 (ref)

Intermediate + high

22

9 (41)

<0.001

7.373 (0.434–125.320)

0.170

Gender

Male

52

4 (8)

1.0 (ref)

Female

31

8 (26)

0.017

13.869 (2.354–81.713)

0.004

ECOG PS

0

81

11 (14)

≥1

2

1 (50)

0.146

Age

<65

48

6 (12)

 (years)

≥65

35

6 (17)

0.809

Anemia

No

60

6 (10)

1.0 (ref)

Yes

22

6 (27)

0.035

1.536 (0.197–11.972)

0.682

Missing

1

LDH

≤1.5 × ULN

71

11 (15)

>1.5 × ULN

2

0 (0)

NA

Missing

10

Corrected Ca

≤10

71

10 (14)

 (mg/dL)

>10

8

1 (12)

0.781

Missing

4

CRP

≤1.0

70

8 (11)

1.0 (ref)

 (mg/dL)

>1.0

12

4 (33)

0.015

0.476 (0.032–7.168)

0.591

Missing

1

Serum VEGF

≤416

61

4 (7)

1.0 (ref)

 (pg/mL)

>416

22

8 (36)

0.003

18.059 (1.853–176.019)

0.013

IHC staining

Negative

57

5 (9)

1.0 (ref)

Positive

26

7 (27)

0.044

1.130 (0.160–7.967)

0.902