From: A pilot study of depression among older people in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Characteristics of elderly study participants | Total number (%) | Number (%) depressed | Crude OR (95%CI) | Partially adjusted OR (95%)* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Location | ||||
Community | 108(76.6) | 46(42.6) | Ref | Ref |
CH | 33(23.4) | 23(69.7) | 3.10(1.35, 7.14) | 3.35(1.49, 7.51) |
*Age in years | ||||
60-69 | 91(65.0) | 41(45.1) | Ref | 2.83(1.21, 6.61) |
70+ | 49(35.0) | 27(55.1) | 1.50(0.74, 3.01) | |
Sex | ||||
Male | 86(61.0) | 36(41.9) | Ref | 5.04(2.01, 12.63) |
Female | 55(39.0) | 33(60.0) | 2.08(1.05, 4.15) | |
Current Marital status | ||||
Married | 82(58.2) | 31(37.8) | Ref | 2.25(0.93, 5.46) |
Others | 59(41.8) | 38(64.4) | 2.98(1.49, 5.97) | |
Death of spouse | ||||
Alive | 89(63.1) | 38(42.7) | Ref | 2.68(1.13, 6.39) |
Deceased | 52(36.9) | 31(59.6) | 1.98(0.99, 3.97) | |
Educational level | ||||
At most can read and write | 20(14.2) | 15(75.0) | Ref | 2.76(1.16, 6.58) |
Grades 1-10 | 64(45.4) | 36(56.2) | 0.43(0.14, 1.32) | |
Above grade 10 | 57(40.4) | 18(31.6) | 0.15(0.05, 0.49) | |
Characteristics of elderly study participants | Number interviewed | Mean (SD) | Crude OR (95%CI) | Partially adjusted OR (95%)* |
Emotional support score | 123 | 14.2(2.3) | 0.69(0.57, 0.84) | 1.80(0.63, 5.13) |
Practical support score | 122 | 6.9(1.7) | 0.70(0.54, 0.90) | 1.62(0.58, 4.58) |
MMSE score | 140 | 25.0(4.5) | 0.87(0.80, 0.95) | 2.12(0.87, 5.17) |