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Figure 2 | BMC Research Notes

Figure 2

From: Aneuploidy is permissive for hepatocyte-like cell differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells

Figure 2

Generation of hepatocyte–like cells from iPSC-K3aneuploidiPSCs. The top row of panels shows phase contrast microscopy revealing the changes in morphology that accompany each stage of differentiation. Remaining panels document the result of immunocytochemistry performed on the cells to detect proteins that are characteristically expressed at specific stages of development. At day 0, prior to adding differentiation media or growth factors, the cells express OCT4, a marker of pluripotent cells, but do not express SOX17. At day 5, the cells have formed definitive endoderm, as seen by expression of the endodermal transcription factors FOXA2 and SOX17. At day 10, HNF4a, which is highly expressed in hepatic progenitor cells, can be identified in the majority of cells in the culture. At the same stage, low levels of AFP, a fetal hepatocyte marker, can be identified in a subset of cells. By day 15, almost all cells robustly express AFP indicating that they are forming immature hepatocytes. By the end of the protocol most cells express Albumin, which is highly expressed in adult hepatocytes. Scale bar = 100 μm.

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