Table 1 Factors associated with contracting bilharzia in Kwite village for cases and controls, June 2012
Exposure | Cases n = 42 (%) | Controls n = 84 (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drinking water from an unprotected source | Yes | 39 (92.9) | 64 (76.2) | 4.06 | 0.022 |
No | 3 (7.1) | 20 (23.8) | (1.13-14.57) | ||
Swimming in dam | Yes | 39 (92.4) | 32 (38.1) | 21.13 | <0.01 |
No | 3 (7.1) | 52 (61.9) | (6.03-74.04) | ||
Having garden at home | Yes | 27 (64.3) | 64 (76.2) | 0.57 | 0.159 |
No | 15 (35.7) | 20 (23.8) | (0.25-1.26) | ||
Bathing in the dam | Yes | 31 (73.8) | 21 (25) | 8.45 | <0.01 |
No | 11 (26.2) | 63 (75) | (3.63-19.72) | ||
Using toilet at home | Yes | 21 (50) | 50 (59,5) | 0.68 | 0.310 |
No | 21 (50) | 34 (40.5) | (0.32-1.43) | ||
Fishing in dam | Yes | 28 (66.7) | 22 (26.2) | 5.63 | <0.01 |
No | 14 (13.3) | 62 (73.8) | (2.59-12.61) | ||
Crossing water body to school | Yes | 32 (76.2) | 45 (53.6) | 2.77 | 0.014 |
No | 10 (23.8) | 39 (46.4) | (1.21-6.36) | ||
passing human waste into water bodies | Yes | 20 (47.6) | 19 (22.9) | 3.06 | 0.005 |
No | 22 (52.4) | 64 (77.1) | (1.39-6.77) |