Figure 3

Increased skeletal muscle lipolysis in DIO mice chronically treated with R118. Male HFD DIO C57BL/6 mice (21 weeks old, 17 weeks on HFD) were fed using control HFD, HFD formulated with 200 mg/kg R118, or HFD formulated with 5 g/kg metformin (n = 12/group). After five weeks of treatment, liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and plasma were collected for half of the mice in each group (max cmp). For the remaining mice, compound-formulated HFD was replaced with control HFD for 24 hours (washout), followed by similar sample collection. Heatmap of detected changes in skeletal muscle long chain fatty acids and glycerol for both R118 and metformin-treated mice shown relative to control HFD is presented alongside a simple scheme illustrating the triacylglycerol lipolysis pathway. TAG = triacylglycerol, DAG = diacylglycerol, MAG = monoacylglycerol, FA = fatty acid, ATGL = adipose triglyceride lipase, HSL = hormone sensitive lipase. Biochemical data were analyzed using Welch’s two-sample t-tests.