Table 5 Students’ awareness and knowledge about cigarettes smoking effects on oral health (N = 547)

Cigarettes smoking is less harmful to oral health than Waterpipe smoking

54(35.8)

164(41.6)

218(40.0)

87(57.6)

189(48.0)

276(50.6)

10(6.6)

41(10.4)

51(9.4)

Cigarettes smoking transfers infectious diseases

60 (39.7)

179 (45.4)

239 (43.9)

75 (49.7)

160 (40.6)

235 (43.1)

16 (10.6)

55 (14.0)

71 (13.0)

Cigarettes smoking is a risk factor for oral cancer

122 (80.8)

345(87.6)

467 (85.7)

12 (7.9)

13 (3.3)

25 (4.6)

17 (11.3)

36 (9.1)

53 (9.7)

Cigarettes smoking may aggregate the inflammation of gum tissues

132 (87.4)

359(91.3)

491 (90.3)

9 (6.0)

13 (3.3)

22 (4.0)

10 (6.6)

21 (5.3)

31 (5.7)

Cigarettes smoking increases the incidence of dry sockets

114 (75.5)

311(78.7)

425 (77.8)

9 (6.0)

18 (4.6)

27 (4.9)

28 (18.5)

66 (16.7)

94 (17.2)

Cigarettes smoking causes teeth and oral tissues staining

134 (88.7)

372(94.2)

506 (92.7)

4 (2.6)

10 (2.5)

14 (2.6)

13 (8.6)

13 (3.3)

26 (4.8)

Cigarettes smoking causes halitosis

129 (86.6)

368 (93.4)

497 (91.5)

9 (6.0)

9 (2.3)

18 (3.3)

11 (7.4)

17 (4.3)

28 (5.2)

Cigarettes smoking delays wound healing time

96 (63.6)

255 (64.7)

351 (64.4)

22 (14.6)

42 (10.7)

64 (11.7)

33 (21.9)

97 (24.6)

130 (23.9)

Cigarettes smoking is associated with dental implant failure

84 (55.6)

236 (59.9)

320 (58.7)

17 (11.3)

20 (5.1)

37 (6.8)

49 (32.5)

138 (35.0)

187 (34.3)

Cigarettes smoking increases risk of dental decay

99 (65.6)

291 (73.9)

390 (71.6)

23 (15.2)

40 (10.2)

63 (11.6)

29 (19.2)

63 (16.0)

92 (16.9)