|
Diet low in calcium is a risk factor
|
0.91 (0.83, 1.00)
|
0.94 (0.86, 1.01)
|
+0.02 (−0.09, 0.14)
|
|
3–5 serves per day of calcium-rich foods are recommended
|
0.94 (0.86, 1.01)
|
1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
|
+0.06 (−0.09, 0.14)
|
|
Sunlight is the main source of vitamin D
|
0.60 (0.45, 0.74)*
|
0.77 (0.64, 0.89)
|
+0.17 (0.02, 0.32)
|
|
Body needs vitamin D to help absorb calcium
|
0.79 (0.67, 0.91)
|
0.98 (0.64, 0.89)*
|
+0.19 (0.06, 0.32)
|
|
Excessive alcohol is a risk factor
|
0.79 (0.67, 0.91)
|
1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
|
+0.21 (0.09, 0.33)
|
|
Swimming and cycling do not build bone strength
|
0.06 (−0.01, 0.14)
|
0.77 (0.64, 0.89)
|
+0.70 (0.57, 0.84)
|
|
Osteoporosis is asymptomatic
|
0.47 (0.32, 0.62)
|
0.83 (0.72, 0.94)
|
+0.36 (0.22, 0.50)
|
|
Long periods of sitting are a risk factor
|
0.92 (0.83, 1.00)
|
0.92 (0.83, 1.00)
|
+0.00 (−0.12, 0.12)
|
|
Smoking is a risk factor
|
0.79 (0.67, 0.91)
|
1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
|
+0.21 (0.09, 0.33)
|
|
Osteoporosis affects men
|
0.89 (0.80, 0.99)
|
0.96 (0.90, 1.02)
|
+0.06 (−0.01, 0.14)
|
|
Change in total score (all items combined)
| | |
2.08 (1.57, 2.42)
|
