From: Nocturnal “humming” vocalizations: adding a piece to the puzzle of giraffe vocal communication
Acoustic parameter | Berlin Tierpark | Copenhagen Zoo | Vienna Zoo | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N hums = 34 | N hums = 22 | N hums = 9 | |||||||
± | Min | Max | ± | Min | Max | ± | Min | Max | |
F0 start (Hz) | 82.54 ± 29.32 | 40.0 | 145.02 | 109.8 ± 27.54 | 40.01 | 155.03 | 100.57 ± 40.81 | 45.01 | 185.02 |
F0 mid (Hz) | 76.48 ± 18.81 | 45.01 | 180.04 | 110.02 ± 27.04 | 70.01 | 180.04 | 93.35 ± 29.05 | 50.01 | 130.01 |
F0 end (Hz) | 73.9 ± 19.41 | 40.01 | 185.04 | 110.7 ± 34.21 | 65.01 | 185.04 | 87.23 ± 35.98 | 50.01 | 165.02 |
F0 min (Hz) | 63.98 ± 18.23 | 35.01 | 105.02 | 83.88 ± 20.64 | 40.01 | 125.03 | 77.23 ± 27.4 | 40.01 | 125.01 |
F0 max (Hz) | 94.69 ± 23.44 | 55.01 | 150.02 | 143.67 ± 29.61 | 85.02 | 195.04 | 116.68 ± 39.05 | 60.01 | 185.02 |
F0 range (Hz) | 30.71 ± 14.59 | 10.0 | 76.01 | 59.79 ± 29.83 | 15.0 | 125.03 | 39.45 ± 21.57 | 10.0 | 80.01 |
F0 mean (Hz) | 79.25 ± 18.52 | 48.53 | 120.36 | 110.26 ± 22.07 | 76.13 | 160.12 | 95.6 ± 31.64 | 52.71 | 144.69 |
F0 median (Hz) | 78.98 ± 18.67 | 50.01 | 116.01 | 108.77 ± 22.56 | 75.02 | 160.03 | 94.18 ± 30.26 | 55.01 | 140.01 |
Duration (s) | 1.42 ± 1.04 | 0.41 | 4.17 | 0.95 ± 0.36 | 0.45 | 1.74 | 1.52 ± 0.87 | 0.42 | 3.21 |