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Table 1 Characteristics of the participants based on waterpipe ever use and non-use

From: Determinants of waterpipe use amongst adolescents in Northern Sweden: a survey of use pattern, risk perception, and environmental factors

Sociodemographic characteristics

Study participants

Waterpipe ever use

Never smoked waterpipe

N = 106

N (%)

N = 62

N (%)

N = 44

N (%)

Gender*

 Boys

34 (32)

25 (74)

9 (26)

 Girls

72 (68)

37 (51)

35 (49)

Age*

 19–20 years

41 (39)

31 (76)

10 (24)

 17–18 years

65 (61)

31 (48)

34 (52)

School grade*

 HS2 and HS3

81 (76)

56 (70)

25 (30)

 HS1

25 (24)

6 (24)

19 (76)

School performance*

 Average and below average

65 (61)

43 (66)

22 (34)

 Above average

41 (39)

19 (46)

22 (54)

Job

 Yes

25 (24)

15 (60)

10 (40)

 No

81 (76)

47 (58)

34 (42)

Depression*

 Yes

28 (26)

21 (75)

7 (25)

 No

78 (74)

41 (53)

37 (47)

Cigarette ever use**

 Yes

51 (48)

37 (73)**

14 (27)

 No

55 (52)

25 (46)*

30 (54)

Snuff ever use*

 Yes

35 (33)

25 (71)*

10 (29)

 No

71 (67)

37 (52)

34 (48)

Sensation seeking scoreÏ®

 Mean (standard deviation)

3.4 (0.7)

3.6 (0.7)

3.2 (0.7)

  1. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001, p values were reported from Chi square test
  2. Ϯ p < 0.05, p values were reported from independent sample t test