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Table 3 Logistic regression examining perceptions of cigarette smoking associated with waterpipe ever use (n = 106)

From: Determinants of waterpipe use amongst adolescents in Northern Sweden: a survey of use pattern, risk perception, and environmental factors

In comparison to cigarette ever use

Study participants

Waterpipe ever use

Crude odds ratio (95 % confidence interval)

Adjusted odds ratioϯ (95 % confidence interval)

N = 106

N (%)

Yes N = 62

N (%)

No N = 44

N (%)

Harm perception cigarette vs. waterpipe

 Less harmful

82 (77)

51 (82)

31 (71)

1.9 (0.7–4.8)

1.6 (0.6–4.3)

 More harmful (reference)

24 (23)

11 (18)

13 (29)

  

sEasy to get-away with cigarette vs. waterpipe?

 Easy to get-away

43 (59)

29 (71)

14 (52)

2.2 (1.0–5.1)

2.1 (0.9–5.0)

 Difficult to get way (reference)

63 (41)

33 (29)

30 (48)

  

Parental approval cigarette vs. waterpipe?

 More likely approval

84 (79)

44 (71)

38 (86)

0.4 (0.1–1.1)

0.4 (0.1–1.1)

 Approval will be about same (reference)

24 (21)

18 (29)

6 (14)

  

Cost cigarette vs. waterpipe?

 Less expensive

10 (9)

7 (11)

3 (7)

1.7 (0.4–7.1)

3.1 (0.7–14.0)

 More expensive (reference)

96 (91)

55 (89)

41 (93)

  

Accessibility cigarette vs. waterpipe?*

 Easier access

28 (26)

21 (34)

7 (16)

2.7 (1.1–7.1)

3.2 (1.1–8.9)

 Difficult to access (reference)

78 (74)

41 (66)

37 (84)

  

Smell cigarette vs. waterpipe?*

 Much better

62 (58)

46 (74)

16 (36)

5.1 (2.2–11.6)

4.1 (1.7–9.8)

 About the same (reference)

44 (42)

16 (26)

28 (64)

  
  1. * p < 0.05, p values for the confidence interval
  2. ϯAdjusted for age and gender