Table 4 Factors associated with adverse neonatal outcome
Characteristic | Total | Adverse outcome | Relative risk | Adjusted relative risk | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present N (%) n = 116 | Not present N (%) n = 804 | ||||
Birth weight of babies in kg | |||||
 <2.5 | 94 | 58 (50.0) | 36 (4.5) | 10.8 (7.8–15.0) | 11.0 (8.1–17.2) |
 2.5–3.99 | 808 | 46 (39.7) | 762 (94.7) | Ref | Ref |
 ≥4 | 18 | 12 (10.3) | 6 (0.7) | 11.7 (7.6–18.3) | 23.2 (11.6–47.2) |
Sex of baby | |||||
 Male | 450 | 57 (49.1) | 393 (48.9) | Ref | Ref |
 Female | 470 | 59 (50.1) | 411 (51.1) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 1.40 (0.80–2.10) |
Gestational age at delivery in weeks | |||||
 ≤38 | 690 | 77 (66.3) | 613 (76.3) | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) | 1.60 (1.20–2.10) |
 >38 | 230 | 39 (33.7) | 191 (23.6) | Ref | Ref |
Parity | |||||
 Primigravida | 320 | 50 (43.1) | 270 (33.6) | Ref | Ref |
 Multigravida | 600 | 66 (56.8) | 534 (66.4) | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 1.70 (1.20–2.90) |
Indication for c/s | |||||
 Maternal indication | 150 | 22 (18.9) | 138 (17.2) | 0.87 (0.58–1.37) | 0.93 (0.62–1.36) |
 Fetal indication | 222 | 37 (31.8) | 185 (23.0) | Ref | Ref |
 Previous caesarean section | 548 | 57 (57.8) | 481 (61.1) | 0.98 (0.85–1.12) | 0.76 (0.54–1.66) |
Anaesthesia used | |||||
 Spinal | 433 | 23 (19.8) | 410 (50.9) | Ref | Ref |
 General | 487 | 93 (80.1) | 394 (49.0) | 3.6 (2.3–5.6) | 2.4 (1.2–5.7) |