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Table 2 Detailed description of validated tools used for surveying physicians about their interactions with pharmaceutical company

From: Validity of tools used for surveying physicians about their interactions with pharmaceutical company: a systematic review

Study ID

Concept(s) measured by instrument

Development methods

Validation methods

Madhavan [19]

Extent of giving

Not described

Face validity

Assessment of theoretical and construct validity 
using principal component factor analysis of the 
attitudinal items

Andaleeb [22]

Attitudes toward pharmaceutical company representatives

Exploration of “secondary sources of information”

In-depth interviews of physicians and pharmaceutical company representatives

Development of a preliminary questionnaire

Pre-testing on three physicians

Face and content validity

Construct validity

Factor analysis with correlation matrix suggesting discriminant validity

Fernandez [2]

Importance of sources of influence

Bibliographical review and assessment by experts

Tested on a sample of 124 GPs

Content and construct validity

Multiple correlation analysis and a factorial analysis

McKinney [23]

Attitudes of physicians toward interaction with pharmaceutical company representatives

Perception of the value of a gift likely to compromise a physician’s judgment

Reviewed and edited by three individuals with expertise in questionnaire design, education, or pharmaceutical detailing

Construct validity

Expert review and factor analysis