Study ID | Concept(s) measured by instrument | Development methods | Validation methods |
---|---|---|---|
Madhavan [19] | Extent of giving | Not described | Face validity Assessment of theoretical and construct validity using principal component factor analysis of the attitudinal items |
Andaleeb [22] | Attitudes toward pharmaceutical company representatives | Exploration of “secondary sources of information” In-depth interviews of physicians and pharmaceutical company representatives Development of a preliminary questionnaire Pre-testing on three physicians | Face and content validity Construct validity Factor analysis with correlation matrix suggesting discriminant validity |
Fernandez [2] | Importance of sources of influence | Bibliographical review and assessment by experts Tested on a sample of 124 GPs | Content and construct validity Multiple correlation analysis and a factorial analysis |
McKinney [23] | Attitudes of physicians toward interaction with pharmaceutical company representatives Perception of the value of a gift likely to compromise a physician’s judgment | Reviewed and edited by three individuals with expertise in questionnaire design, education, or pharmaceutical detailing | Construct validity Expert review and factor analysis |