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Table 4 Multivariable analysis of the associated factors according to the mistreatment status

From: Does the presence of siblings affect the results produced by a surveillance system of child mistreatment? Comparisons of several commonly-used statistical methods

Variables (n = 395)

Logistic

Logistic robust

GEE

GEE robust

ORa (ES) (95 % CI)

ORa (ES) (95 % CI)

ORa (ES) (95 % CI)

ORa (ES) (95 % CI)

[Correlation matrix: 0.835]

Gender

P = 0.342

P = 0.935

P = 0.956

P = 0.968

 Girls

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Boys

1.23 (0.27) (0.80–1.88)

1.23 (0.27) (0.80–1.89)

1.01 (0.15) (0.75–1.36)

1.01 (0.21) (0.67–1.52)

Age

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.002

 ≤3 years

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 ≥4 years

2.77 (0.63) (1.77–4.32)

2.77 (0.69) (1.70–4.50)

2.06 (0.36) (1.47–2.89)

2.06 (0.49) (1.29–3.28)

Country of birth

P = 0.052

P = 0.088

P = 0.115

P = 0.139

 Belgium

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Other country

1.76 (0.51) (1.00–3.10)

1.76 (0.58) (0.92–3.36)

1.50 (0.39) (0.91–2.50)

1.50 (0.42) (0.88–2.59)

Living environment

P = 0.020

P = 0.031

P = 0.002

P = 0.014

 Elsewhere

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Family

2.57 (1.04) (1.16–5.68)

2.57 (1.12) (1.09–6.04)

3.57 (1.45) (1.60–7.93)

3.57 (1.85) (1.29–9.85)

Type of admission

P = 0.260

P = 0.294

P = 0.323

P = 0.309

 Planned

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Emergency

1.39 (0.41) (0.78–2.48)

1.39 (0.44) (0.75–2.59)

1.34 (0.40) (0.75–2.40)

1.34 (0.39) (0.76–2.36)

Previous known case files

P = 0.900

P = 0.919

P = 0.831

P = 0.844

 No

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 Yes

0.97 (0.21) (0.63–1.50)

0.97 (0.26) (0.57–1.66)

1.05 (0.24) (0.67–1.64)

1.05 (0.26) (0.65–1.71)

  1. All values are vs. at risk of mistreatment. ORa are the adjusted odds ratio. The “P” are the p values of the Wald tests
  2. The “Correlation matrix” is the estimated (exchangeable) within-sibship correlation matrix