Fig. 4

VT treatment decreases the expression of important inflammatory cell adhesion proteins. Thin sections prepared from WT and AT-Derm animals treated as described above with either PBS or VT were processed for immunohistochemical analysis for the presence of three cell surface proteins. a,a’ E-selectin, b,b’ ICAM-1 and c,c’ VCAM-1. Expression of all of these proteins was not detectable or was very low in wt animals. However in AT-Derm animals all of these proteins were expressed (arrowheads) and this expression was decreased by VT treatment. VT was effective at decreasing the expression of these proteins in the underlying muscular tissue as well (a’, b’, c’)