Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted relative risk ratios of association between selected women and children characteristics and postnatal care non-utilization in Nigeria
From: Determinants of postnatal care non-utilization among women in Nigeria
Characteristics | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-utilization vs appropriate PNC | Some level of care vs appropriate PNC | Non-utilization vs appropriate PNC | Some level of care vs appropriate PNC | |
RR | RR | RR | RR | |
Mothers age at child birth | ||||
15–24 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
25–34 | 0.88 | 1.18* | 0.76* | 0.86 |
35+ | 1.12 | 1.29* | 0.78 | 0.89 |
Pregnancy wantedness | ||||
Then | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Later | 0.41* | 0.79* | 0.78* | 0.94 |
No more | 0.50* | 0.93 | 0.73 | 0.87 |
Education | ||||
No education | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Primary | 0.31* | 0.99 | 0.52* | 0.84 |
Secondary and higher | 0.21* | 1.17* | 0.38* | 0.65* |
Marital status | ||||
Never married | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Currently married | 2.58* | 1.49* | 1.02 | 1.08 |
Formerly married | 1.86* | 1.37 | 0.87 | 0.96 |
Occupation | ||||
Not working | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Formal employment | 0.53* | 1.85* | 1.15 | 1.31* |
Sales | 0.70* | 1.05 | 0.81 | 1.01 |
Agricultural employment | 0.76* | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.90 |
Other | 0.84 | 1.08 | 1.02 | 1.19 |
Religion | ||||
Christian | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Islam | 2.39* | 0.83* | 1.16 | 0.97 |
Other | 9.49* | 2.31 | 4.17* | 2.81 |
Region | ||||
South west | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
North central | 2.10* | 0.86 | 1.81* | 1.25 |
North east | 2.68* | 0.80* | 1.66* | 1.63* |
North west | 5.35* | 0.66* | 3.37* | 1.54* |
South east | 2.04* | 1.41* | 1.45* | 1.09 |
South south | 1.30* | 0.74* | 1.93* | 1.42* |
Wealth status | ||||
Poor | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Middle | 0.33* | 0.86 | 0.57* | 0.80 |
Rich | 0.21* | 1.13 | 0.38* | 0.66* |
Place of residence | ||||
Urban | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Rural | 2.06* | 0.78* | 1.05 | 1.11 |
Birth order | ||||
1–2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
3–4 | 1.22* | 1.03 | 1.37* | 1.20* |
5+ | 1.61* | 0.98 | 1.53* | 1.30* |
Birth size | ||||
Larger than average | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Average | 1.03 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 1.01 |
Smaller than average | 1.54* | 0.94 | 1.24 | 1.03 |
Child sex | ||||
Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Female | 1.06 | 1.04 | 1.05 | 1.07 |
ANC use | ||||
No ANC | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Received ANC | 0.21* | 0.95 | 0.25* | 0.46* |
Distance | ||||
Big problem | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Not a big problem | 0.44* | 0.99 | 0.62* | 0.83* |
Place of delivery | ||||
Health facility | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Non-health facility | 0.31* | 0.07* | 0.05* | 0.03* |