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Table 2 Characteristics of survivors according to participation in one or both survey waves

From: Research participation after terrorism: an open cohort study of survivors and parents after the 2011 Utøya attack in Norway

Characteristics

Wave 1

Wave 2

Participated in wave 1 and 2 (n = 255)

Participated in wave 1 only (n = 70)

p value

Participated in wave 1 and 2 (n = 255)

Participated in wave 2 only (n = 30)

p value

n/mean

(%/sd)

n/mean

(%/sd)

n/mean

(%/sd)

n/mean

(%/sd)

Mean age at attack (years)

19.4

(4.3)

19.3

(5.7)

0.887

19.4

(4.3)

18.8

(4.1)

0.444

Male gender

139

(54.5)

33

(47.1)

0.274

139

(54.5)

12

(40.0)

0.132

Non-norwegian origin

25

(9.9)

14

(20.3)

0.019

25

(9.9)

2

(7.4)

0.757

Financially disadvantaged

51

(20.5)

17

(25.4)

0.387

51

(20.5)

6

(21.4)

0.906

Living with parent(s)

154

(61.1)

48

(70.6)

0.151

118

(47.0)

13

(44.8)

0.823

Divorced parents

96

(38.9)

30

(44.8)

0.381

96

(38.7)

13

(44.8)

0.523

Youth Labour Party member

234

(94.4)

61

(87.1)

0.040

234

(94.4)

27

(96.4)

0.723

Sibling(s) in the study

27

(10.6)

5

(7.1)

0.391

27

(10.6)

2

(6.7)

0.561

Hospitalized

19

(7.5)

5

(7.1)

0.930

19

(7.5)

4

(13.3)

0.281

Terror exposure (mean 0–13)

8.28

(2.24)

9.32

(1.91)

<0.001

8.28

(2.24)

9.05

(2.00)

0.103

Posttraumatic stress (mean PTSD-RI)

1.53

(0.72)

1.67

(0.68)

0.164

1.21

(0.67)

1.60

(0.77)

0.003

Anxiety/depression symptoms (mean SCL-8)

2.05

(0.66)

2.16

(0.64)

0.204

1.77

(0.62)

2.11

(0.86)

0.043

Somatic symptoms (mean CSSI-8)

1.72

(0.54)

1.73

(0.53)

0.944

1.62

(0.48)

1.90

(0.67)

0.033

Social support (mean FSSQ-7)

4.56

(0.57)

4.56

(0.59)

0.951

4.56

(0.60)

4.53

(0.61)

0.753

Mental health service utilization

180

(72.0)

54

(77.1)

0.391

169

(67.3)

23

(79.3)

0.188

  1. Wave 1 (n = 325) was performed 4–5 months after the attack; wave 2 (n = 285) was performed 14–15 months after the attack