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Table 10 Socio-demographic characteristics of students’ understanding of institutional regulation on academically unethical behaviour: a binary logistic regression analysis

From: Academic dishonesty in higher education: students’ perceptions and involvement in an African institution

Dependent variable: students’ understanding of AD measures

Independent variable

Total respondents (%)a

Understanding of AD regulations [number (%)]b

p value

OR (95 % CI)

No to low [n = 44 (34.92 %)]

Medium to high [n = 82 (65.08 %)]

Age

   

0.999

 

 ≤19

3 (2.29 %)

0 (0 %)

3 (100 %)

1.000

1.753 × 109 (0.000−)

 20–29

114 (87.02 %)

42 (37.17 %)

71 (62.83 %)

0.999

1.350 × 109 (0.000−)

 30–39

10 (7.69 %)

2 (22.22 %)

7 (77.78 %)

0.881

1.250 (0.067–23.164)

 40–49

2 (1.53 %)

0 (0 %)

1 (100 %)

0.806

1.487 (0.062–35.434)

Gender

 Male

106 (80.92 %)

34 (32.69 %)

70 (67.31 %)

1.000

1.082 (0.000−)

 Female

24 (18.32 %)

10 (50 %)

10 (50 %)

0.179

2.021 (0.724–5. 639)

Awareness of AD regulations

   

0.979

 

 Yes

121 (92.37 %)

39 (33.05 %)

79 (66.95 %)

1.000

2.545 × 109 (0.000−)

 No

8 (6.11 %)

3 (37.5 %)

5 (62.5 %)

1.000

2.169 × 109 (0.000−)

Programme of study

   

0.919

 

 Building technology and estate management

72 (54.96 %)

25 (35.21 %)

46 (64.79 %)

1.000

1.665 × 109 (0.000−)

 Dispensing technology (pharmacy technology)

35 (26.72 %)

10 (29.41 %)

24 (70.59 %)

0.540

1.624 (0.344–7.655)

 Information and communication technology

23 (17.56 %)

9 (40.91 %)

13 (59.09 %)

0.354

2.217 (0.412–11.933)

Previous reporting of AD cases

   

0.991

 

 Yes

6 (4.58 %)

2 (40 %)

4 (60 %)

1.000

751146336 (0.000−)

 No

123 (93.89 %)

41 (34.17 %)

79 (65.83 %)

1.000

0.731 (0.000−)

  1. OR odds ratio
  2. aPercentages do not add up to 100 % since some respondents provided neutral answers (see Tables 1, 2)
  3. bTotal number of respondents for AD regulation understanding across rows do not always add up to the total number of sampled respondents because some respondents did not answer the question on AD understanding