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Table 5 Results from probabilistic sensitivity analysis: average costs and upper and lower percentiles (gross costings)

From: Economic (gross cost) analysis of systematically implementing a programme of advance care planning in three Irish nursing homes

Analysis

Pre implementation (January 2010–June 2012) average € millions (lower and upper percentiles 95 %)

Post implementation (July 2013–June 2015) average € millions (lower and upper percentiles 95 %)

Difference average € millions (lower and upper percentiles 95 %)

a. Baseline: €4081/episode of hospitalisationc

37.82 (2.65–119.34)

19.87 (1.37–64.10)

17.95 (1.15–58.90)

b. Baseline: LMD-ACP LOSa and €491/dayd

32.49 (18.96–52.34)

21.83 (12.46–35.40)

10.67 (−6.10–30.69)

Ambulance transferse

0.89 (0.55–1.34)

0.47 (0.27–0.73)

0.42 (0.19–0.73)

Scenario analyses

1. LOS—reference hospital datab and €491/dayf

44.69 (25.84–70.51)

20.30 (13.75–28.31)

24.39 (6.05–48.55)

2. LOS—LMD-ACD Dataa and €857/dayf

56.71 (34.61–87.58)

38.11 (22.48–60.20)

18.60 (−10.87–52.14)

3. LOS—reference hospital datab and €857/dayf

77.98 (47.24–118.78)

35.43 (25.59–47.01)

42.55 (10.72–83.16)

  1. aBased on reference hospital length of stay (LOS) data
  2. bBased on LMD-ACP LOS data
  3. c€4081—based on average inpatient case mix cost across common diagnosis related groups (DRGs)
  4. d€491/day—daily average from inpatient case mix cost across common DRGs
  5. e€97/transfer Gannon et al. [32]
  6. f€857/day—BDO International auditors’ data [33]