Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the patients
Group | Total | I | N | D | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | 279 (100) | 64 (22.9) | 164 (58.8) | 51 (18.3) | |
Women (%) | 117 (42) | 29 (45) | 67 (41) | 21 (41) | 0.823 |
Age (years) | 60.6 ± 14.3 | 61.6 ± 13.5 | 59.6 ± 15.2 | 62.6 ± 11.7 | 0.333 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 5.2 | 27.3 ± 5.4 | 25.3 ± 5.2 | 26.0 ± 4.2 | 0.238 |
CIMT (mm) | 0.737 ± 0.154 | 0.726 ± 0.146 | 0.715 ± 0.148 | 0.822 ± 0.154*,** | <0.001 |
Hb (g/dl) | 13.5 ± 1.9 | 13.5 ± 1.8 | 13.5 ± 2.0 | 13.6 ± 1.5 | 0.934 |
Ht (%) | 40.6 ± 5.5 | 40.7 ± 5.2 | 40.5 ± 6.0 | 41.0 ± 4.3 | 0.813 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 171.8 ± 53.4 | 168.5 ± 50.8 | 166.2 ± 51.8 | 193.6 ± 56.8*,*** | 0.005 |
Mean daily blood glucose (mg/dl) | 217.6 ± 61.8 | 212.7 ± 57.9 | 214.4 ± 60.1 | 234.4 ± 69.6 | 0.092 |
AUC daily blood glucose | 2785 ± 821 | 2756 ± 805 | 2731 ± 765 | 3010 ± 997 | 0.171 |
Hemoglobin A1c (%) (mmol/mol) | 9.3 (78.6) ± 2.3 (25.6) | 8.6 (70.9) ± 1.8 (20.1) | 9.4 (79.6) ± 2.5 (26.9) | 10.0 (85.4) ± 2.3 (25.2)** | 0.007 |
Glycoalbumin (%) | 26.0 ± 8.4 | 22.9 ± 5.9* | 26.6 ± 9.0 | 27.8 ± 8.3** | 0.003 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 126.8 ± 19.3 | 132.6 ± 24.0 | 124.4 ± 17.9 | 125.9 ± 14.8 | 0.107 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.6 ± 13.1 | 79.4 ± 13.1 | 77.4 ± 12.9 | 75.6 ± 14.0 | 0.515 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 190.9 ± 41.5 | 188.1 ± 40.1 | 191.8 ± 41.6 | 191.6 ± 43.6 | 0.829 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 115.9 ± 35.0 | 118.2 ± 36.2 | 114.6 ± 34.2 | 117.0 ± 36.4 | 0.767 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 47.2 ± 14.5 | 45.0 ± 10.6 | 47.8 ± 16.0 | 48.3 ± 13.5 | 0.364 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 156.0 ± 116.5 | 144.9 ± 67.8 | 160.2 ± 126.7 | 156.2 ± 129.7 | 0.683 |