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Table 4 Referral and hazard of repeated poisoning—Cox regression analysis

From: Follow-up of young patients after acute poisoning by substances of abuse: a comparative cohort study at an emergency outpatient clinic

 

n

Events

Crude

Adjusted

Hazard ratio

95 % CI

p

Hazard ratio

95 % CI

p

Age

16–22 yearsa

683

50

      

23–27 years

437

54

1.7

1.2–2.5

0.005

1.1

0.74–1.7

0.62

Sex

        

Femalesa

518

37

      

Males

602

67

1.6

1.1–2.4

0.021

1.2

0.76–1.8

0.50

Main toxic agent

       

Ethanola

715

27

      

Opioids

170

48

9.2

5.7–14.8

<0.001

8.5

5.0–14.3

<0.001

Benzodiazepines

89

12

3.9

2.0–7.7

<0.001

3.8

1.8–7.8

<0.001

Central stimulants

49

6

3.5

1.4–8.5

0.006

3.2

1.3–8.0

0.012

GHB

60

8

3.7

1.7–8.1

0.001

3.4

1.5–7.9

0.004

Other

37

3

2.2

0.66 -7.1

0.20

2.1

0.63–6.9

0.23

Referral to follow-up

       

No referrala

709

55

      

Referral

411

49

2.0

1.4–2.9

<0.001

1.0

0.69–1.6

0.83

  1. Referral to follow-up and hazard of repetition of poisoning in 1120 patients aged 16–27 years presenting with acute poisoning by substances of abuse in 2008 and 2012
  2. There were 104 events (repetitions). One patient was censored due to death, two were censored due to emigration
  3. The hazard ratio for referrals was hardly affected by entering age and sex into the model, but changed when main toxic agent was entered
  4. aReference group