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Table 2 The univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with poor immune recovery following the use of HAART for 48 months

From: Prevalence and risk factors of poor immune recovery among adult HIV patients attending care and treatment centre in northwestern Tanzania following the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective study

Predictive factor

CD4 recovery at 48 months

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Inadequate recovery (CD4 < 350)

Adequate recovery (CD4 > 350)

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR(95% CI)

P value

Gender

 Male

117 (39.26)

083 (28.14)

    

 Female

181 (60.74)

212 (71.86)

1.65 (1.17–2.33)

0.004

1.52 (1.02–2.27)

0.039

Age (years)

 >50

227 (76.17)

274 (92.88)

    

 ≤50

071 (23.83)

021 (07.12)

4.1 (2.43–6.84)

0.000

4.17 (2.31–50)

0.000

Occupation

 Employed

032 (10.74)

034 (11.53)

    

 Unemployed

266 (89.26)

261 (88.47)

–

–

–

–

WHO stage

 Stage 1 and 2

105 (35.23)

139 (47.12)

    

 Stage 3 and 4

193 (64.77)

156 (52.88)

1.64 (1.18–2.28)

0.003

1.47 (1.01–2.14)

0.043

Baseline CD4

 <200 cells/µl

260 (88.44)

187 (64.71)

    

 ≥200 cells/µl

034 (11.56)

102 (35.29)

4.17 (2.71–6.42)

0.000

4.32 (2.70–6.90)

0.000

Baseline BMI

 Underweight

10 (31.25)

09 (27.27)

    

 Normalweight

22 (68.75)

20 (60.61)

    

 Overweight

–

04 (12.12)

0.92 (0.78–1.10)

0.332

  

 Obese

264 (88.59)

–

    

Opportunistic INF

 Yes

212 (71.14)

118 (40.00)

    

 No

086 (28.86)

177 (60.00)

3.69 (2.63–5.20)

0.000

3.91 (2.69–5.69)

0.000

Type of OI

 TB

169 (79.72)

104 (85.95)

    

 Others (D, C)

043 (20.28)

017 (14.05)

1.56 (0.84–2.87)

0.157

  
  1. D diarrhea, C candidiasis, TB tuberculosis, BMI Body Mass Index, WHO World Health Organization, INF infection, OI opportunistic infection, OR odds ratio