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Redundant publication
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Publication of the same data or article in more than one journal without appropriate justification, permission or cross-referencing
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Overlap
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Some new findings are presented in an article that also contains a substantial amount of previously published information
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Misconduct
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Evidence of unreliable results caused, for example, by data fabrication
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Honest error
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Evidence of unreliable results, caused, for example, by a miscalculation or by an experimental error
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Plagiarism
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Content of other author (data, words or theories) is presented by another author without referencing as it was his own
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Authorship issues
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Authorship dispute of an article
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No reason reported
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No clear information of the reasons for the retraction was mentioned
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