Table 3 Final-year pharmacy students’ perceptions about ADR reporting in Nigeria (N = 342)
S/no | Survey statements | SD 1 | D 2 | SLa 3 | A 4 | SA 5 | Median (50-per) | Mean | Kruskal–Wallis | Mann–Whitney U | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | I believe that I have acquired enough knowledge to enable me report ADRs | 1 | 1 | 1 | 126 | 213 | 5.00 | 4.6 | 262 | 5593 | 0.01 |
2 | Pharmacovigilance should be taught at all levels in pharmacy schools | 120 | 60 | 50 | 72 | 40 | 2.00 | 2.6 | 289 | 150 | 0.02 |
3 | Majority of ADR reports should come from pharmacists | 108 | 91 | 80 | 32 | 31 | 2.00 | 2.4 | 300 | 672 | 0.02 |
4 | I believe that non- reporting of ADRs could pose major health problems | 61 | 50 | 20 | 88 | 123 | 4.00 | 3.5 | 289 | 238 | 0.01 |
5 | I believe that ADRs caused by herbal medicines should be reported | 130 | 100 | 75 | 7 | 30 | 2.00 | 2.14 | 284 | 326 | 0.04 |
6 | Monetary incentives to health workers may improve ADRs reporting | 16 | 65 | 10 | 101 | 150 | 4.00 | 3.9 | 260 | 1845 | 0.02 |
7 | Pharmacy students can perform ADR reporting during their clerkship | 35 | 43 | 75 | 80 | 109 | 4.00 | 3.54 | 283 | 350 | 0.03 |
8 | I believe that government could improve ADR reporting | 94 | 64 | 80 | 95 | 9 | 3.00 | 2.59 | 299 | 488 | 0.02 |
9 | I believe ADR reporting is an integral part of pharmaceutical care | 31 | 68 | 53 | 69 | 121 | 4.00 | 3.53 | 286 | 119 | 0.01 |
10 | Pharmacists should not be barred from reporting ADRs | 154 | 121 | 36 | 11 | 20 | 2.00 | 1.89 | 248 | 1794 | 0.01 |
11 | I believe if pharmacists report ADR PV activities will improve | 5 | 2 | 14 | 198 | 123 | 4.00 | 4.26 | 234 | 238 | 0.04 |
12 | Disclosure of identities of ADR reporters would increase reporting | 10 | 5 | 9 | 53 | 265 | 5.00 | 4.63 | 215 | 8687 | 0.01 |
13 | I believe that if the identities of ADR reporters are not disclosed reporting rate will decrease | 58 | 21 | 44 | 98 | 121 | 4.00 | 3.59 | 288 | 119 | 0.02 |
14 | Pharmacovigilance should be taught only at higher levels in pharmacy schools | 32 | 17 | 20 | 88 | 185 | 5.00 | 4.04 | 245 | 3927 | 0.01 |
15 | I believe that adverse reactions caused by cosmetics should be reported | 126 | 78 | 29 | 16 | 93 | 2.00 | 2.63 | 300 | 95 | 0.03 |