Table 1 Patient’s baseline characteristics

Disease stage

6

18 (75%)

< 0.001*

Sex (male/female)

5/1

11/7

0.319

Age (median)

17.8

24.5

0.444

Trypanosomes in CSF

0

16 (66.7%)

< 0.00*

Parasitemia/ml

19.2 × 10⁴

36.1 × 10⁴

0.399

CSF parasitosis/ml

0

8.0 × 10⁴

< 0.01*

Disease duration (median)

0.5

1.3

0.173

Clinical presentation

 Fever

6

17 (100%)

1.0

 Headache

6

16 (94.1%)

0.417

 Hepatomegaly

0

2 (8.7%)

0.538

 Lymphadenopathy

2

6 (26.1%)

0.666

 Splenomegaly

0

6 (26.1%)

0.123

 Edema

0

4 (17.4%)

0.232

 Somnolence

1

8 (34.8%)

0.208

 Gait abnormalities

0

6 (26.1%)

0.123

 Tremors

0

2 (8.7%)

0.538

 Urinary incontinence

0

2 (8.7%)

0.538

 Cranioneuropathy

0

2 (9.1%)

0.519

 Reactive encephalopathy

0

1 (4.3%)

0.739

Glasgow coma score

 Mild (13–150)

6

12 (54.5%)

0.217

 Moderate (9–12)

0

3

 Severe (≤ 8)

0

1