Variable
|
Characteristic
|
Frequency
|
Percent
|
---|
Age (year): mean ± SD
| |
52 ± 12
| |
Gender
|
Male
|
58
|
31.9
|
Female
|
124
|
68.1
|
Duration of asthma, median, years
| |
20 ± 12.7
| |
School education
|
≤ Primary level
|
95
|
52.5
|
≥ Secondary level
|
86
|
47.5
|
Smoking status
|
Current smokera
|
2
|
1.1
|
Ex-smoker
|
11
|
6.2
|
Non smoker
|
164
|
90.7
|
Use of biomass fuel for cooking
|
Yes
|
66
|
37.7
|
No
|
109
|
62.3
|
Body mass indexb
|
Normal/under weight
|
37
|
56.1
|
Overweight
|
20
|
30.3
|
Obese
|
9
|
13.6
|
Exacerbation in the last 12 month
|
Yes
|
93
|
51.1
|
No
|
89
|
48.9
|
Allergic rhinitis
|
Yes
|
11
|
6
|
No
|
171
|
94
|
GERD
|
Yes
|
17
|
9.3
|
No
|
165
|
90.7
|
Incorrect inhalation technique
|
Yes
|
62
|
34.6
|
No
|
117
|
65.4
|
Controller medication
|
Yes
|
124
|
68.1
|
No
|
58
|
31.9
|
FEV1
|
> 80%
|
24
|
25
|
< 80%
|
72
|
75
|
GINA symptom assessment
|
Well controlled
|
44
|
24.2
|
Partially controlled
|
41
|
22.5
|
Uncontrolled
|
97
|
53.3
|
-
aCurrent smoker = person who was smoking during the time of study
-
bNormal BMI = 18–25 M2/kg