Fig. 1

Diagram of cell transformation, passaging and expansion. Whole blood is collected from research participants, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells are isolated and transformed into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) with Epstein Barr Virus. LCLs are grown in medium as growth plateaus due to high cell density and prior to over-saturation. Passaging (splitting the culture into diluted sub-cultures) enables LCLs to continue to grow over time. To reach expansion volumes, sub-cultured cells are combined into a larger container and diluted with medium to enable further growth (second passage). When the culture again reaches high cell density at high volume the expanded cells are harvested for cryopreservation and made available for DNA or LCL distribution