Table 3 Factors associated with iodine deficiency among pregnant women attending ANC service at University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017 (n = 378)
Variables | Urine iodine status | Crude odds ratio (COR) | Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Deficient | Not deficient | |||
Husband employment | ||||
Governmental | 81 | 63 | 0.54 (0.28, 1.01) | 0.42 (0.20, 0.87)** |
Merchant | 54 | 34 | 0.67 (0.33, 1.33) | 0.57 (0.26, 1.26) |
Farmer | 24 | 17 | 0.59 (0.26, 1.35) | 0.58 (0.22, 1.56) |
Daily laborer | 25 | 16 | 0.65 (0.28, 1.5) | 0.72 (0.28, 1.83) |
Unemployed | 45 | 19 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Trimester | ||||
First trimester | 35 | 21 | 1.36 (0.67, 2.62) | 1.3 (0.65, 2.72) |
Second trimester | 77 | 27 | 2.4 (1.4, 4.11) | 2.43 (1.37, 4.32)** |
Third trimester | 117 | 101 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Gravidity | ||||
Primi-gravida | 158 | 29 | 1.54 (0.77, 3.09) | |
Multigravida | 71 | 101 | 1.00 | |
Parity | ||||
Nulliparous | 97 | 79 | 1.00 | |
Para one | 72 | 33 | 1.50 (0.73, 3.09) | |
Multiparous | 60 | 37 | 1.05 (0.48, 2.30) | |
Cabbage consumption | ||||
≤ 1/week | 73 | 73 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
≥ 2 times/week | 156 | 76 | 2.05 (1.34, 3.13) | 2.35 (1.44, 3.82)*** |
Sorghum consumption in the previous 1 week | ||||
Yes | 89 | 46 | 1.42 (0.9, 2.2) | * |
No | 140 | 103 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Maize consumption in the previous 1 week | ||||
Yes | 129 | 45 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
No | 100 | 104 | 0.33 (0.21, 0.51) | 0.29 (0.18, 0.48)*** |
Toilet | ||||
Flush to piped sewer | 72 | 54 | 1.00 | |
Flush to septic tank | 20 | 8 | 1.8 (0.76, 4.57) | |
Ventilate improved Pit (VIP) latrine | 60 | 26 | 1.7 (0.96, 3.09) | |
VIP without slab | 45 | 43 | 0.7 (0.45, 1.35) | |
Open field | 32 | 18 | 1.3 (0.67, 2.62) | |
Wealth index | ||||
Richest | 35 | 40 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Rich | 46 | 30 | 1.(0.91, 3.34) | 1.56 (0.76, 3.22) |
Middle | 47 | 26 | 2 (1.06, 3.9) | 1.88 (0.88, 3.97) |
Poorer | 52 | 23 | 2.5 (1.32, 5.04) | 2.7 (1.24, 5.89)** |
Poorest | 49 | 30 | 1.8 (0.98, 3.540 | 1.38 (0.65, 2.91) |