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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of subjects

From: Association between cesarean section and constipation in infants: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

 

Vaginal delivery

Cesarean delivery

p

N (male/female)

67,504 (34,643/32,861)

15,515 (7981/7534)

0.79

Gestational age, weeks

39.5 ± 1.3

38.2 ± 2.1

< 0.001

Birth weight, g

3060 ± 379

2869 ± 515

< 0.001

 Missing, n

14

  

Exclusively breast fed, n (%)

29,336 (43.5)

5499 (35.4)

< 0.001

 Missing, n

726

  

Maternal age, years

30.8 ± 4.9

32.5 ± 1.7

< 0.001

 Missing, n

443

  
  1. Gestational age, Maternal age: mean And standard deviation