Table 1 Distribution of IPIs according to socio-demographic characteristics of the schoolchildren in public and private schools of Kathmandu, Nepal
Characteristics | Public school N = 284 | Private school N = 224 | Total positive (%) N = 101 | Total N = 508 | p-value | Odds ratio | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive (%) | Total | Positive (%) | Total | |||||
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 35 (25.4) | 138 | 16 (13.4) | 119 | 51 (19.8) | 257 | 0.842 | 1.0 |
Female | 39 (26.7) | 146 | 11 (10.5) | 105 | 50 (20.0) | 251 | ||
Age (years) | ||||||||
4–10 | 18 (31.6) | 57 | 25 (14.3) | 175 | 43 (18.5) | 232 | 0.671 | 0.89 |
11–19 | 56 (24.7) | 227 | 2 (4.1) | 49 | 58 (21.0) | 276 | ||
Source of drinking water | ||||||||
Mineral water | 31 (28.2) | 110 | 9 (13.4) | 67 | 40 (22.6) | 177 | 0.629 | |
Filtrate water | 9 (23.1) | 39 | 5 (16.1) | 31 | 14 (20.0) | 70 | ||
Tap water | 34 (25.2) | 135 | 13 (10.3) | 126 | 47 (18.0) | 261 | ||
Size of family | ||||||||
≤ 5 member | 29 (26.4) | 110 | 16 (13.2) | 121 | 45 (19.5) | 231 | 0.866 | 0.95 |
> 5 member | 45 (25.1) | 174 | 11 (10.7) | 103 | 56 (20.2) | 277 | ||
Occupation of parent’s | ||||||||
Farming | 38 (31.1) | 122 | 2 (12.5) | 16 | 40 (29.0) | 138 | 0.076 | |
Business | 17 (29.3) | 58 | 5 (8.5) | 59 | 22 (18.8) | 117 | ||
Others | 13 (17.1) | 76 | 8 (15.7) | 51 | 21 (16.5) | 127 | ||
Government job | 6 (21.4) | 28 | 12 (12.2) | 98 | 18 (14.3) | 126 | ||
Ethnicity | ||||||||
Dalit | 11 (44.0) | 25 | 6 (27.3) | 22 | 17 (36.2) | 47 | 0.045 | |
Tibeto-Burman | 35 (27.8) | 126 | 10 (10.9) | 92 | 45 (20.6) | 218 | ||
Indo-Aryan | 28 (21.1) | 133 | 11 (10.0) | 110 | 39 (16.0) | 243 | ||