Table 3 Multivariate analysis for factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among Thai adults with hypertension
Variables | Adjusted odds ratio | 95% CI | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Female | 1 | ||
Male | 1.16 | (1.10–1.20) | < 0.001 |
Age (years) | 0.97 | (0.97–0.97) | < 0.001 |
Region | |||
Northeast | 1 | ||
Northern | 1.21 | (1.14–1.29) | < 0.001 |
Central | 1.20 | (1.13–1.28) | < 0.001 |
Southern | 1.48 | (1.38–1.59) | < 0.001 |
Hospital level | |||
First level | 1 | ||
Middle level | 1.23 | (1.16–1.30) | < 0.001 |
Standard/advance level | 1.12 | (1.03–1.22) | 0.009 |
Diabetes mellitus | |||
No | 1 | ||
Yes | 1.16 | (1.08–1.23) | < 0.001 |
Smoking | |||
Never | 1 | ||
Ex-smoker | 1.04 | (0.96–1.11) | 0.334 |
Current smoker | 1.08 | (0.97–1.19) | 0.155 |
Duration of hypertension (years) | 1.00 | (0.99–1.01) | 0.120 |
BMI (kg/m2) | |||
< 25 | 1 | ||
25–29.99 | 1.19 | (1.13–1.24) | < 0.001 |
30–34.99 | 1.42 | (1.32–1.52) | < 0.001 |
≥ 35 | 1.70 | (1.51–1.92) | < 0.001 |
LDL (mg/dL) | |||
< 100 | 1 | ||
> 100 | 1.17 | (1.11–1.22) | < 0.001 |
Number of antihypertensive medications | |||
0 | 1 | ||
1 | 1.39 | (1.13–1.70) | 0.002 |
2 | 1.80 | (1.47–2.20) | < 0.001 |
≥ 3 | 2.32 | (1.89–2.86) | < 0.001 |