Table 1 Basic characteristics of the study participants

Duration of infertility^a

4.0 ± 0.39

5.5 ± 0.42

< 0.0001

Age (years)^a

30.3 ± 0.56

34.9 ± 0.61

< 0.0001

Age staging

 Young adults (19–34 years)

86 (79.6)

37 (48.7)

< 0.0001

 Middle-aged adults (≥ 35 years)

22 (20.4)

39 (51.3)

< 0.0001

Aetiology

 Hyperprolactinemia

17 (15.7)

6 (7.9)

0.113

 Tubal factors

30 (27.8)

8 (10.5)

0.004

 Male factors

18 (16.7)

6 (7.9)

0.082

 Ovulation problems

3 (2.8)

20 (26.3)

< 0.0001

 PCOS

16 (14.8)

15 (19.7)

0.380

 Endometriosis

2 (1.9)

4 (5.3)

0.200

 Uterine causes

14 (13.0)

14 (18.4)

0.310

 Unexplained causes

14 (13.0)

11 (14.5)

0.769

Body mass index (kg/m²)^a

28.6 ± 0.50

29.8 ± 0.54

0.116

Waist circumference (cm)^a

88.6 ± 1.07

88.2 ± 1.07

0.832

Waist-to-hip ratio^a

0.87 ± 0.01

0.86 ± 0.01

0.088

Waist-to-height ratio^a

0.56 ± 0.01

0.55 ± 0.01

0.408

Body adiposity index^a

32.3 ± 0.50

32.5 ± 0.64

0.816

Progesterone (ng/ml)^a

8.94 ± 0.58

7.52 ± 0.58

0.547

FSH (mIU/ml)^a

18.47 ± 2.18

8.67 ± 1.17

0.002

LH (mIU/ml)^a

12.43 ± 1.25

8.01 ± 0.97

0.044

LH/FSH ratio^a

1.00 ± 0.10

1.28 ± 0.18

0.061

Prolactin (ng/ml)^a

20.41 ± 1.93

17.99 ± 1.58

0.060