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Table 1 Maternal and neonatal characteristics compared between HIV PCR positive and negative neonates

From: An audit of mother to child HIV transmission rates and neonatal outcomes at a tertiary hospital in South Africa

Characteristic

HIV PCR negative (1239 neonates)

HIV PCR positive (32 neonates)

p value

Male

666/1234 (54.0%)

14/32 (43.8%)

0.252

Any antenatal care

957/1136 (84.2%)

21/28 (75.0%)

0.187

Normal vaginal delivery

570/1176 (48.5%)

18/29 (62.1%)

0.348

Multiple gestation

162/1227 (13.2%)

3/30 (10.0%)

0.608

Nulliparous mother

148/1065 (13.9%)

3/27 (11.1%)

0/944

Chorioamnionitis

318/1085 (3.5%)

1/27 (3.7%)

0.955

Maternal hypertension

143/1091 (13.1%)

3/27 (11.1%)

0.761

Maternal tuberculosis

28/1113 (2.5%)

1/28 (3.6%)

0.726

Maternal diabetes mellitus

12/1139 (1.1%)

0/32 (0%)

0.578

Maternal syphilis

44/1135 (3.9%)

4/28 (14.3%)

0.006

Bag mask ventilation at birth

307/1239 (24.7%)

9/30 (30.0%)

0.523

Ventilatory support

 CPAP

410/1037 (39.5%)

11/24 (45.8%)

0.533

 Mechanical ventilation

207/1039 (19.9%)

3/24 (12.5%)

0.367

Life threatening congenital abnormality

77/1224 (6.3%)

1/32 (3.1%)

0.464

Culture proven sepsis on or before day 3

55/1211 (4.5%)

1/30 (5.3%)

0.753

Culture proven sepsis after day 3

227/1227 (18.5%)

9/32 (28.1%)

0.168

Neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy

364/1196 (30.4%)

8/31 (25.8%)

0.586

Necrotising enterocolitis (stage 2 or 3)

66/1220 (5.4%)

1/30 (3.3%)

0.618

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

79/822 (9.6%)

1/23 (4.3%)

0.395

Died

136/1239 (11.0%)

5/32 (15.6%)

0.408