Skip to main content

Table 2 Bivariate analysis of associated factors at level-1 demographic health variables with CS N = 17,193

From: Multilevel modelling of factors associated with caesarean section in Ethiopia: community based cross sectional study

Covariates

CS n (%)

mean (sd)

All vaginal birth n (%)

mean (sd )

P-value

Religion

0.000

 Orthodox and Catholic

139 (54.29)

2279 (32.85)

 

 Protestant

42 (16.41)

1296 (18.68)

 Muslim

74 (28.90)

3250 (46.85)

 

 Other

1 (0.39)

112 (1.61)

 

Education

0.000

 Not educated

42 (16.41)

4317 (62.23)

 

 Primary

85 (33.20)

1857 (26.77)

 Secondary

56 (21.88)

521 (7.51)

 Higher

73 (28.52)

242 (3.49)

Birth order

2.31 (1.83)

3.98 (2.56)

0.000

Preceding birth interval

60.51 (34.98)

40.95 (23.55)

0.000

Multiple pregnancy

0.000

 Single

240 (93.75)

6842 (98.63)

 Multiple

16 (6.25)

160 (1.37)

Place of delivery

0.000

 Home

0 (0%)

1498 (64.5%)

 

 Government’s institution

179 (69.9%)

2264 (32.6%)

 

 Private Institution

70 (27.3%)

125 (1.8%)

 

NGO Institution

7 (2.7%)

54 (0.8%)

 

 ANC

  

0.000

   ≤ 3

61 (23.8%)

4512 (65%)

 

   > 3

195 (76.2%)

2425 (35%)

 

Size of child

0.001

 Large

104 (40.6%)

2059 (29.7%)

 

 Medium

94 (36.7%)

2896 (41.7%)

 

 Small

58 (22.7%)

1992 (28.6%)

 

Party

0.000

 1

115 (44.9%)

1355 (19.5%)

 

 [2–5]

112 (43.8%)

2978 (42.9%)

 

 >5

29 (11.3%)

2604 (37.5%)

 

Smoking status

0.719

 No

254 (99.22)

6867 (98.99)

 

 Yes

2 (0.78)

70 (1.01)

Sex of child

  

0.328

 Male

140 (54.69)

3578 (51.58)

 

 Female

116 (45.31)

3359 (48.42)

History of abortion

  

0.062

  No

225 (87.89)

6331 (91.26)

 

 Yes

31 (12.11)

606 (8.74)

Drugs take for intestinal disease

0.215

 No

232 (90.63)

6478 (93.38)

 

 Yes

24 (9.37)

459 (6.62)

 Anemia

0.001

 Sever

2 (0.78)

117 (1.69)

 

 Moderate

11 (4.30)

659 (9.50)

 Mild

44 (17.19)

1535 (22.12)

 Not anemic

199 (77.73)

4626 (66.69)

Wealth index

0.000

 Poorest

17 (6.64)

2411 (34.76)

 

 Poorer

12 (4.69)

1167 (16.82)

 Middle

13 (5.07)

1015 (14.63)

 Richer

14 (5.47)

903 (13.02)

 Richest

200 (78.13)

1441 (20.77)