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Table 1 Degree of association and level of agreement between average daily nutrient intakes by 24-h recalls/biomarkers and Dish-based food frequency questionnaires (DFFQs) (n = 161)

From: Validity and reliability of a dish-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for assessment of energy and nutrient intake among Iranian adults

Energy and nutrients (unit)

Average daily intake

Percent agreements

Correlation coefficient between recalls/biomarkers and DFFQs

Recall(s)

DFFQ(s)

Same quartile (%)b

(same and adjacent quartile)c

Opposite quartiles (%)d

Unadjusted

Energy-Adjustede

De-attenuatedf

P. valueg

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

P. valuea

Spearman’ r

Spearman’ r

Spearman’ r

 

Energy (kcal/d)

1952.3

59.7

3397.4

1673.4

0.0001

41.2

78

3.1

0.49

0.53

0.0001

Protein (g/d)

62.8

19.4

106.4

51.9

0.0001

37.7

82.3

1.8

0.51

0.51

0.54

0.0001

Fat (g/d)

63.3

23.7

107.2

58.9

0.0001

37.5

82.5

6.2

0.45

0.35

0.48

0.0001

Carbohydrate (g/d)

288.4

92.5

324.9

193.6

0.23

33.5

78.4

5.6

0.36

0.17

0.39

0.0001

Dietary fiber (g/d)

13.5

5.6

46.7

28.4

0.0001

34.8

67.7

5

0.30

0.33

0.32

0.0001

Cholesterol (mg/d)

188.7

106.4

324.9

193.6

0.0001

37.3

75.2

5

0.40

0.29

0.41

0.0001

Thiamin (mg/d)

1.9

0.84

4.8

2.9

0.0001

33.9

82.6

2.5

0.50

0.51

0.54

0.0001

Riboflavin (mg/d)

9.5

116.9

2.1

1

0.0001

34.8

77.3

5.8

0.31

0.26

0.32

0.0001

Vitamin C (mg/day)

100.3

50.4

559.2

379.2

0.0001

33.5

70.8

8.6

0.24

0.24

0.26

0.002

Vitamin E (mg/day)

3.9

4.6

8.1

8.8

0.0001

30.3

69

5.8

0.23

0.21

0.24

0.004

Folate (μg/day)

217.1

146.2

438

199.1

0.0001

28.1

68.1

10.6

0.12

0.091

0.13

0.1

Calcium (mg/day)

623.8

259.5

1170.2

550.6

0.0001

41.8

76.1

3.7

0.43

0.41

0.46

0.0001

Iron (mg/day)

17.2

8.8

45.9

27.8

0.0001

33.5

80.3

3.1

0.44

0.42

0.47

0.0001

Zinc (mg/day)

10.8

11.1

43.8

58

0.0001

36.8

71.5

7.6

0.24

0.16

0.25

0.003

Biomarkers

            

Retinol (mcg/day)

0.26

0.58

0.0001

Beta-carotene (mcg/day)

0.13

0.40

0.0001

  1. Only data of participants who had two FFQs and a minimum of three 24-h recalls were analyzed
  2. aPaired t test comparing DFFQ and Recalls in daily average intakes
  3. bPercentage of subjects in the same quartile of nutrient intakes from DFFQ1 and 6-day recalls
  4. cPercentage of subjects in the same and adjacent quartiles of nutrient intakes from DFFQ1 and 6-day recalls
  5. dOpposite (lowest/highest) quartiles
  6. eCalculated based on log-transformed value of average daily consumptions with adjustment for total energy intake using the residual method
  7. fCorrection were calculated based on energy-unadjusted correlation
  8. gFor all de-attenuated correlations, P < 0.001, except for Folate