Table 1 Selected demographic characteristics of participants—n (%)
Characteristics | Total | Age ≤ 65 years | Age > 65 years | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | 0.91 | |||
Male | 102 (51) | 45 (50.6) | 57 (51.4) | |
Female | 98 (49) | 44 (49.4) | 54 (48.6) | |
Diabetes | 0.58 | |||
No | 133 (66.5) | 61 (68.5) | 72 (64.9) | |
Yes | 67 (33.5) | 28 (31.5) | 39 (35.1) | |
Hypertension | < 0.001 | |||
No | 88 (44) | 57 (64) | 31 (27.9) | |
Yes | 112 (56) | 32 (36) | 80 (72.1) | |
Kidney disease | 0.40 | |||
Not applicable | 171(85.5) | 81(91) | 90 (81.1) | |
eGFR > 90 | 4 (2) | 1 (1.1) | 3 (2.7) | |
eGFR 60–89 | 9 (4.5) | 2 (2.2) | 7(6.3) | |
eGFR 30–59 | 10 (5) | 4 (4.5) | 6 (5.4) | |
eGFR 15–29 | 5 (2.5) | 1 (1.1) | 4 (3.6) | |
eGFR < 15 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | |
Asthma | 0.02 | |||
No | 185 (92.5) | 78 (87.6) | 107 (96.4) | |
Yes | 15 (7.5) | 11 (12.4) | 4 (3.6) | |
COPD | 0.37 | |||
No | 135 (67.5) | 63 (70.8) | 72 (64.9) | |
Yes | 65 (32.5) | 26 (29.2) | 39 (35.1) | |
Coronary heart disease | 0.001 | |||
No | 168 (84) | 83 (93.3) | 85 (76.6) | |
Yes | 32 (16) | 6 (6.7) | 26 (23.4) | |
Liver disease | 0.003 | |||
No | 190 (95) | 80 (89.9) | 110 (99.1) | |
Yes | 10 (5) | 9 (10.1) | 1 (0.9) | |
Dementia | 0.006 | |||
No | 191 (95.5) | 89 (100) | 102 (91.9) | |
Yes | 9 (4.5) | 0 | 9 (8.1) | |
Smoking | 0.004 | |||
No | 146 (73) | 56 (62.9) | 90 (81.1) | |
Yes | 54 (27) | 33 (37.1) | 21 (18.9) | |
Cerebrovascular disease | 0.002 | |||
No | 181 (90.5) | 87 (97.8) | 94 (84.7) | |
Yes | 19 (9.5) | 2 (2.2) | 17 (15.3) | |
Intravenous drug users | < 0.001 | |||
No | 181 (90.5) | 70 (78.7) | 111 (100) | |
Yes | 19 (9.5) | 19 (21.3) | 0 | |
Alcohol use disorder | 0.007 | |||
No | 174 (87) | 71 (79.8) | 103 (92.8) | |
Yes | 26(13) | 18 (20.2) | 8 (7.2) | |