Table 2 Response frequency to variables highlighting gender related disparities and preference for sons
From: Psychosocial predictors of antenatal stress in Pakistan: perspectives from a developing country
|  | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | χ2 statistic | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Household decision maker | ||||
 Self | 46 | 8.9 | 228.50 | < .001 |
 Husband | 323 | 62.6 |  |  |
 In-laws | 147 | 28.5 |  |  |
Ultrasound | ||||
 Yes | 153 | 29.7 |  |  |
 No | 363 | 70.3 |  |  |
Gender on ultrasound | ||||
 Male | 84 | 55.6 |  |  |
 Female | 67 | 44.4 |  |  |
Gender preference | ||||
 Male | 177 | 34.3 | 213.71 | < .001 |
 Female | 34 | 6.6 |  |  |
 No preference | 305 | 59.1 |  |  |
Preference for education | ||||
 Sons | 47 | 9.1 | 717.11 | < .001 |
 Daughters | 11 | 2.1 |  |  |
 No preference | 458 | 88.8 |  |  |
In-laws prefer sons | ||||
 Yes | 194 | 37.6 | 31.75 | < .001 |
 No | 322 | 62.4 |  |  |
Marital problems | ||||
 Yes | 127 | 24.6 | 133.03 | < .001 |
 No | 389 | 75.4 |  |  |
Harassment | ||||
 Yes | 139 | 26.9 | 109.78 | < .001 |
 No | 377 | 73.1 |  |  |
Domestic abuse | ||||
 Yes | 96 | 18.6 | 203.44 | < .001 |
 No | 420 | 81.4 |  |  |