| | Normal-high serum salivary amylase N = 27 | Low serum salivary amylase N = 33 | P values |
|---|
| High serum 3-HBA, n (%) | 10 (32.3) | 21 (67.7) |
|---|
| | Odds ratios (95% ICs) |
|---|
| Model 1 | 1 (reference) | 2.98 (1.04–8.55) | 0.04 |
| Model 2 | 1 (reference) | 3.40 (1.12–10.3) | 0.03 |
| Model 3 | 1 (reference) | 4.40 (1.32–14.7) | 0.02 |
| High serum AA, n (%) | 9 (33.3) | 23 (69.7) | P values |
|---|
| | Odds ratios (95% ICs) |
|---|
| Model 1 | 1 (reference) | 4.60 (1.54–13.7) | 0.006 |
| Model 2 | 1 (reference) | 5.42 (1.70–17.3) | 0.004 |
| Model 3 | 1 (reference) | 6.64 (1.91–23.1) | 0.003 |
| Low RQ, n (%) | 7 (25.9) | 13 (39.4) | P values |
|---|
| | Odds ratios (95% ICs) |
|---|
| Model 1 | 1 (reference) | 1.86 (0.61–5.63) | 0.27 |
| Model 2 | 1 (reference) | 1.96 (0.62–6.21) | 0.25 |
| Model 3 | 1 (reference) | 1.87 (0.56–6.20) | 0.31 |
- Model 1: unadjusted
- Model 2: adjusted for age and BMI as continuous variables
- Model 3: model 2 with additional adjustments for HbA1c and eGFR as continuous variables
- Low serum salivary amylase: < 60 U/L (vs. normal-high serum salivary amylase, ≥ 60 U/L)
- High serum 3-Hydroxybutyric acid ≥ 24 μmol/L (vs. normal serum 3-Hydroxybutyric acid, < 24 μmol/L)
- High serum acetoacetic acid ≥ 17 μmol/L (vs. normal serum acetoacetic acid, < 17 μmol/L)
- Low RQ: < 0.766 (vs. normal-high RQ, ≥ 0.766)
- AA, acetoacetic acid; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; 3-HBA, 3-Hydroxybutyric acid; RQ, respiratory quotient
